名词性从句学生.doc

名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的呼应等Who will win the match is still unknown.??I want to know what he has told you.?The fact is that we have lost the game.????The news that we won the game is exciting.??2. 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:从属连词： that, whether, if 不充当从句的任何成分连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever. （作主、宾、表、补）连接副词:when, where, how, why,? however, wherever（状）主语从句的用法主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。1That the earth is round is true.??= It is true that the earth is round2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.?= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.?注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任?句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 ?(注: if不可用来引导主语从句）When he will go to America is not yet fixed.(It is not yet fixed when he will go to America.)?Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.3.常见的it作形式主语的结构1）It is a fact that he won the match.2）It is necessary that we do study the English.3）It is known to all that light travels in straight lines.4）It seemed that he would come here基本句型结构?常用词语It is + 名词 + that从句? It is a fact/a shame/a pity/no wonder/good news/…that… It is + 形容词 + that从句? It is necessary/strange/important/possible/likely/…that…这类主语从句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形 It is + 过去分词 + that从句? It is said/reported/decided/known/…that… It + 不及物动词 + that从句? It seemed/happened/doesn’t?matter/has turned out/…that it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:?It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. ?It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.?It is in the morning that the murder took place.?It is John that broke the window.(宾语从句的用法句子结构：主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句1.We believe (that) he is honest.2.Do you know what he said just now?3.I don’t remember when we arrived4.Lily wanted to know if /whether her??? grandma