担保交易的框架和范畴.ppt

担保交易法的框架和范畴 STRUCTURE AND SCOPE OF THE SECURED FINANCING LAW _____________________________________ Saskatchewan大学法学院 Professor Ronald C.C.Cuming Q.C. 担保交易法的作用 ROLE OF SECURED FINANCING LAW 规定担保融资交易的框架 Provide a structure for secured financing arrangements 界定担保交易合同方的权利 Define the rights of parties to secured financing contracts 设立明确简单的优先权规则以处理对担保物的竞存权力 Provide a clear, simple set of priority rules to deal with competing claims to collateral 建立高效的、使用方便的担保物权登记机构 Provide an efficient, accessible registry for charges 担保交易法的作用 ROLE OF SECURED FINANCING LAW 现代担保交易法律不涉及以下方面： A modern secured financing law does not: 处理债权人或债务人的诈骗行为 Deal with fraudulent conduct on the part of creditors or debtors 保护债权人免受不明智经营决策（风险评估）的影响 Protect creditors from bad business decisions (risk assessment) 消除担保债权人通过非法律手段保护担保物的必要 Eliminate the need for secured creditors to take non-legal measures to protect their collateral. 框架1 STRUCTURE 1 多数现代担保交易法对动产和不动产（土地）上的担保物权区分对待 Most modern secured financing laws deal separately with charges on movables and charges on immovables (land) 土地登记系统主要针对所有权的登记。担保交易登记系统只登记担保物权 Land registry systems deal principally with registration of ownership. Secured financing registries deal only with charges. 对于并非永久存在的担保物，如库存，应收帐款，可流通票据等，相应的法律迥异 Very different laws are required when the collateral is not permanent – inventory, accounts, negotiable instruments 担保物权的登记应当比土地登记灵活 Charge registries must be more flexible than land registries 框架2 STURCTURE 2 大多数现代担保交易体系一般不归入民法典中，而是单独立法 Most modern secured regimes are generally not integrated into Civil Codes but are contained in separate laws 法典通常阐述基本的、普遍的原则，而担保交易法包括法典中一般没有的细则 A secured financing law contains detailed features generally not found in Codes that are statements of basic, general principles 担保交易法可以在同一法律中系统性地包括担保交易体系的全部特征 A secured financing law permits integration of all features of a system in one location 单独立法易于修改和完善 A separate law is much easier to amend and refine 单独立法有利于向公