文体学Chapter 2 Lexicology.ppt

Chapter Two Lexicology Outline of Content Introduction 2.1. Morphemic Devices 2.1.1 Neologisms 2.1.2 Overregularity and high frequency of occurrence 2.2. Lexical Devices 2.2.1 Selection of words 2.2.2 Classification of words 2.2.3 Rhetorical series 2.2.4 Word implications 2.2.5 Rhetorical devices Introduction Definition of Lexicology Lexicology studies the choice of specific lexical items (vocabulary) in a text, their distribution in relation to one another, and their meanings. (Xu Youzhi, 2005) Lexicology is concerned with the study of the meaning of words and lexical items, and also the composition of words. (Zhang Delu, 2008) Lexicology 1. the composition of words– morphemic devices 2. the meaning of words lexical devices 2.1 Morphemic devices Morpheme is the smallest meaningful language unit, which cannot be devided into smaller unit without destroying or drastically altering the meaning. 从表达形式和内容之间的关系上说，词素是最小的意义单位，即不能再分的单位，再细分则必定完全改变或破坏原有的词汇或语法意义。 e.g. barks-- bark＋s checking--check ＋ing Morphemes consist of the following types: Root: the central part of the word. E.g. black: blackbird, blacksmith -ceive: receive, perceive, conceive Prefix: morpheme added to the word in front of the root. E.g. re-, react Suffix: morpheme added to the word after the root. E.g. –ing, -ed Norm and Deviation Norm常规: refers to the general features of language, the features of a particular genre, or the features of a particular field. Deviation变异: linguistic features which depart from the norm or from the common core. Stylistic effects can be achieved by two major ways: P15 by violating the existing norm, rules, principles and conventions by making the linguistic features overregular Therefore, in morphol