1840年前中国形成鸦片泛滥局面的原由新探(国外英语资料).doc

1840年前中国形成鸦片泛滥局面的原由新探(国外英语资料) #1 Opium was flooded in China before 1840. In quantity, from 1821 to 1839, for example, the total sales volume of opium in China was about 279239 cases, and the average sale was more than 10 thousand cases per year. On 1830, opium smuggling from Guangzhou to the southeast coastal area, the coastal area has been to Zhili Province and Northeast China, opium diaspora, even in mainland China, the Qing government was regarded as fundamental to the place such as heavy Shengjing also gradually came to the wind. The number of smokers, because statistical disorder is inevitable, data can not be accurate, even if it is also the approximate number, but all of these Public opinions are divergent., not necessarily accurate data is very huge, so we have to believe that Chinese smokers of the public, such as Lin Zexu once described as Yamen Muyou, relatives, length, books, officers, addicted to opium the nine in ten. Why is there such a flood of potential? On the surface, it was the result of the double effects of British opium smuggling and Qing government corruption. But why is Britain smuggling Opium? What smuggling conditions did it have then? What kind of smuggling did it use to make opium overrun in China? What is the corrupt officials caused the corruption of the Qing government, the Qing government or some system leads to corrupt officials for opium smuggling open convenient ways? The traditional view of Britain to reverse the trade deficit with China and the smuggling of opium; in recent years, some scholars through the study of some specific conditions of British trade with China at that time, such as silver circulation and trade interests, and began to doubt the theory of trade deficit, but only a few scattered discussions, did not give full proof, and few people pay attention to the UK for the conditions of the opium trade and smuggling of opium in the role of. The Qing governments understanding, has also remained in the analysis of these