给学生 Chapter Ten.ppt

8.1 introduction 保函概述 8.1 what is a letter of guarantee? 1.definition A bank guarantee is used as an instrument for securing performance or payment especially in international business.a bank guarantee is a written promise issued by a bank at the request of its customer,undertaking to make payment to the beneficiary within the limits of a stated sum of money in the event of default by the principal. 银行保函作为一种保证履行或付款的工具在国际贸易中经常使用。银行保函是银行应客户的要求而开立的书面承诺书，保证在委托人违约时向受益人支付规定数额的货币。 4. Instructing party/Counter Guarantor Sometimes ,a bank or a financial institution or any other body acting as an instructing party issues a counter guarantee acting on the instruction of a principal in favor of a bank or a financial institution located in the beneficiary’s country. The instructing party instructs the bank or a financial institution located in the beneficiary’s country to issue a letter of guarantee on behalf of the principal in favor of a specified party named therein. 指示方或称反担保人，是指接受申请人的委托，而向受益人所在地银行发出开立保函的委托指示，并同时保证在受托行（保函的担保人）遭到索赔时立即予以偿付的银行或其他金融机构。在保函业务中，反担保人不直接接受受益人提出的任何索赔，而仅向担保人承担责任，对担保人负责，凭担保人提出的要求予以偿付，并同时享有对申请人进行追偿的权利。 A counter guarantee refers to any guarantee or other payment undertaking of the instructing party given in writing for payment of money to the guarantor on presentation in conformity with the terms of the undertaking of a writing demand for payment and other documents specified in the counter guarantee. 反担保是指示人出具的任何书面保证或其他付款承诺，凭提交与承诺条款相符的书面付款要求以及反担保内容规定的其他文件，支付款项给担保人。 （1)申请人与受益人签订交易合同； （2）申请人向担保人提出开立保函的申请； （3）申请人应担保人要求寻找反担保人，以提供银行可以接受的反担保； （4）反担保人向担保人出具不可撤销的反担保； （5）担保人出具保函并寄给转开行，请求转开以受益人为抬头的保函； （6）转开行转开保函给受益人； （7）受益人在发现申请人违约时，向转开行索偿； （8）转开行赔付后，向担保人索赔； （9）担保人赔付后，向反担保人索偿； （10）反担保人赔付后，向申请人索偿，由申请人赔付。 8.1.3 Types of bank guarantee 1.In terms of the relationship with the underlying transaction In terms of the relationship with the underlying transaction，guarantees can be classified into accessory guarantee and independent guarantee. Accessory