形近义近词汇.docx

形近义近词汇1.abide, adhere, conform, complyabide+by表示“遵守，同意”【I will abide by the director decision.我将遵从主任的决定。adhere +to表示“遵守”【Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。conform+to表示“遵守，符合”【All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their ply +with表示“遵守，服从”，用于正式的场合【Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.2.abnormal, uncommon, disorderedabnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕见)，指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。　　【His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常，最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。(尽管身体发烧不正常，但生活中也时有发生。)uncommon a.罕见的，不平常的，指很少经历或很少见到的状况；特别的，出色的。　　【Hurricanes are uncommon in England.飓风在英国非常罕见。　　【That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great!那速溶咖啡质量上乘，味道好极了！disordered a.混乱的，杂乱的；(精神或身体)有病的。　　【We couldnt understand her disordered presentation.我们听不明白她条理不清的陈述。3.abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish　　abolish v.指对法律、习俗、制度的废除；完全破坏。【The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒税。cancel v.对预先安排的某种活动(如旅行、计划、会议等)的取消；删去(字、句)。　　【The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.会议由于流感而取消了。eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已经存在但是现在不需要的东西。　　【The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那个队被淘汰了，不能参加下一阶段的比赛。　　【The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.医生帮助他排出肠中毒素。dispose v.处理，处置；表示“除掉、扔掉”时常与of连用。(这一点需要注意。)　【After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后请清除掉垃圾。erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意识地除去字迹、声音等。　　【I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁带上录音之前先消掉了上面的音乐。exclude v.排斥；排除,不包括在内,与include互为反义词。　　【The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得进入该餐馆。extinguish v.熄灭，扑灭(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。　　【Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防队员扑灭了大火。4.abstract, digest, outline, summaryabstract n.概要，摘要，尤其指对学术论文或法律论据作的简述。　　【I have read the abstract of his book.我已经读了他的书的概要。digest n. (篇幅较长的)摘要，文摘，它是对原文的浓缩而不是对原文的简单解释，浓缩后仍保持原文的顺序、重点和风格。　　【Readers Digest《读者文摘》outline n.要点，大纲，概要。　　【She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in