苏格兰(Scotland).ppt

苏格兰(Scotland) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。? Population: over 5 million Area: nearly 80 thousand sq km. Major people: Celtic(凯尔特人) Official language: English Capital: Edinburgh.（爱丁堡） The soil in Highlands is poor for agriculture, because the heavy rain and heavy glaciations(冰川作用）have eroded and reduced much of the soil. However, despite the lack of agriculture, these northern Uplands do produce oat and sheep；reforestation of pine and spruce (枞树) wood is increasing timber supplies. the Highlands and Western Isles 苏格兰高地和西岛区 Two plants are particularly important: Sphagnum moss（泥炭藓） and heather(欧石楠，杜鹃花科植物) There is little industry in the Scottish Highlands. For many years, the only exports were granite tock, wool, whiskey and textiles. After the discovery of oil and natural gas in the North Sea, the eastern Grampian coast, particularly the city of Aberdeen(阿伯丁，苏格兰海港城市) with nearly 211000 people, has become an industrial center. Scotland ——lowlands中部苏格兰山谷 The lowlands of Scotland contain some of the most populated areas in the UK. The famous city Glasgow（格拉斯哥：第一大港与第一大商业中心) and Edinburgh(爱丁堡：首府，是历史上的苏格兰王国首都与文化古都 ）are located in this belt. The region rarely drops below 100 meters and contains several hills above 300 meters. The landscape of steep hills and strangely winding rivers was created by volcanic and several glacial erosion. So there are many resources for early development of industry. 苏格兰高地的南面是相对较低的苏格兰山谷，它曾经是一条狭窄的海湾，因为太过狭窄，所以非常适合形成沼泽、森林，留下了些许煤矿的痕迹。英国的煤田就处于这块低山地的中部，因而它是苏格兰最重要的组成部分. Edinburgh(爱丁堡) The banking and legal center of Scotland. Home to Edinburgh University. A major paper and publishing industry. Yearly “Edinburgh Festival”——the Edinburgh International of music and drama. Edinburgh Festival Edinburgh Festival is a collective term for many arts and cultural festivals that take place in Edinbur