2016全国高考英语新题型语法填空题解题技巧选读.docx

2016全国高考英语新题型语法填空题解题技巧语法填空只有十个空，加上还没有选项，那么语法填空要考察的东西会比较有限，这样就形成了一定有规律的东西，未必就比语法选择题难做。语法填空考察形式有两种：有提示词、无提示词。童鞋们最头疼的应该是没有提示词的吧，基础差的童鞋连句子成分都搞不清，根本没有做题思路。那么我们就先从没有提示词的入手，让语法小白们享受一下虐题的快感。第一部分：无提示词先看以下例句：I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.I met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.这些句子是一样的，我只是想通过这种方式给大家一个直观的感受。标黄色的部分就是通常要考察的部分，也就是说一个句子通常会有七个位置的考点，这些位置考察的内容比较固定，我们逐个分析。(以下行文中“____”被简称为“空”。)无提示考点一：(代词主格)_____ met him in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.要填的是句子的主语，主语通常由名词或代词充当，如果没有任何提示，不可能填名词，只能根据上下文的内容填代词。代词通常要看“空”之前的部分。比如：The boy likes football. ____ often plays football after school. 根据上下文的意思，要填的代词只能指代“空”前面的the boy，所以此空填He。但代词中有一个特例“it”。it既可以向前指代，也可以向后指代，如果“空”后面有be + 名词或形容词 + to do或that从句的时候，那么这个“空”基本就是填it了。例如：_____ is easy to finish the homework. 或_____ is a good choice that you decide to go there.这两道题都填it。【小结】：句首是“空”，“空”后面紧跟谓语动词，那么此“空”考察代词主格。无提示考点二：(代词宾格)Tom is my friend. I met _____ in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.和考点一类似，重复的不再说，基本也是要填代词的，但不同之处在于：此处的宾语要用宾格形式。此题met是及物动词所以后面直接填宾语，并填代词的宾格：him，而不是he。如果句子里的谓语动词是不及物动词，那么不及物动词后面还要加上介词之后才能加上宾语，《奇速英语语法填空.短文改错书面表达》例如：I live with ____. 这里的“空”也只能填代词，如果要填he，那么同样要采用宾格形式：him。另外，关于it的那个特殊用法在宾语部分体现的是： _____ + 形容词或名词 + to do或that从句。例如：The method can make ___ easy to finish the homework. 或 We all consider ____ a good choice that you decide to go there. 这两道题都填it。【小结】：如果“空”前是动词(都是及物动词)或者介词，那么“空”考察代词宾格。无提示考点三：(冠词)I met him in _____ shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.此题中的shop是可数名词，可数名词是禁止裸奔的。所谓不能裸奔就是不能既没有冠词，也不能没有复数形式，要写成a shop, 或one shop, 或shops, 或two shops或the shop等等，绝对不能只写成shop。只有不可数名词才有