2014年台湾国际科学展览会研究报告.PDF

2014 年臺灣國際科學展覽會 研究報告 區別：北區 科別：化學科 作品名稱：以去合金化製程備製多孔性鉑合金觸媒應用於 直接甲醇燃料電池 關鍵詞： 去合金化、鉑合金觸媒 、直接甲醇燃料電池 編號： 1 摘要 本實驗研究的目的，在 找到適當的材料以提升直接甲醇燃料電池(DMFC)的發電效率。 本實驗藉由 Co 、Pd和 Pt 三者之間交互多元醇法還原成不同的雙原子金屬觸媒 ，此方法較 使用微波法合成有著低汙染、設備簡單、低反應溫度等優點。: 此外，利用稀硝酸溶除和鉑搭 配的金屬，使 抗觸媒毒化率 、觸媒表面積以及反應效率提高 ；分析粒徑大小，測量其濃度並、 電流效率 以計算抗觸媒毒化率 與質量活性。 實驗結果發現，以溶除後的 PtPd 之電極效率是 Pt/C的 18倍 ，溶除後的 PtCo 效率則 與Pt/C 差不多，但抗觸媒毒化 率卻是提高 約 1.6 倍，因此 ，這在市場上的經濟效益 而言，溶除後的 PtCo 與PtPd都是非常有潛力的電極材料。 2 Abstract This experiment aims to find materials and methods to enhance the efficiency of DMFC. Currently, most DMFC uses Pt/C as the catalyst, but the cost of Pt/C is high and what is worse, it will cause serious catalyst poisoning. To solve these problems, we compound Pt with Co and Pd by means of polyol reduction method ；then we de-alloy Co and Pd and successfully increase its surface area and decrease its catalyst poisoning rate. Polyol reduction method has great benefits. Compared with microwave, polyol reduction uses simpler devices, creates less pollution, and requires lower temperature. Our research shows that either PtCo catalyst DMFC or PtPd catalyst DMFC does not have better performance than Pt/C catalyst DMFC. However, when Co and Pd are de-alloyed, an amazing result is found. The de-alloyed PtPd catalyst DMFC even generates 18 times more current than Pt/C catalyst DMFC. As to the catalyst poisoning problem, the de-alloyed PtCo catalyst exhibits superior performance, 1.6 times better than Pt/C catalyst DMFC, while the de-alloyed PtPd catalyst DMFC does not display a good outcome. Based on the findings and considering the overall performance, we suggest the Pt/C catalyst DMFC be replaced by the de-alloyed P