【南方新中考】2015中考(广东梅州)英语九年级复习配套+第一章+第十一节+动词的时态.ppt

(2)现在完成时表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，也许还 会持续到将来，通常和时间状语(for..., since..., how long...)连用。 表示这种用法时常用延续性动词，不用短暂性动词。如： They have learned English since eight years ago. 他们已学了 八年的英语了。 I have had my bike for two years.我的自行车已买了两年了。 注意：短暂性动词要与表示一段时间的状语连用时： ①可将短暂性动词转化为延续性动词。如： come/go/arrive—be buy—have borrow—keep leave—be away (from...) begin/start—be on die—be dead open—be open close—be closed join—be in (be a member of...) finish—be over ②可将时间状语改为过去时间，用一般过去时代替现在完 成时。 ③可用句型：“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句(从句要用一般 过去时，可用短暂性动词)”和“It has been＋一段时间＋since 从句”。如： 那个老人死去六年了。 (√)The old man died six years ago. (√)The old man has been dead for six years. (√)It is (has been) six years since the old man died. (×)The old man has died for six years. 七、过去完成时 1.过去完成时表示到过去某一时刻为止已经完成的动作，即 某动作在过去某一时刻之前就已经完成了，所以在时间上它含有 “过去的过去”之意。常和时间状语 by the end of last year, by 2008, by last term 等或 before 引导的过去时间状语从句连用。如： By the end of last year we had built five new houses.直到去年 底我们已建五座新房。 I had done it before I went home yesterday.昨天我在回家之 前就把它做完了。 2.过去完成时表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去另一 时间的动作或状态。常和由 for 或 since 引导的、表示一段时间 的短语或从句连用。如： He had worked in the factory for five years before he moved here.他搬来这儿之前已在这工厂工作了五年。 I saw Li Ping yesterday.We had not seen each other since I left school.我昨天见到了李萍。自离校以来我们相互没见过。 八、过去将来时 过去将来时表示从过去的某时间看来将要发生的动作或存 在的状态，常用在宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时由 “would＋动词原形”构成。如： She said that she would go there by herself. 她说她将要自己 去那里。 They told us that they would have a class meeting. 他们告诉 我们说他们要开个班会。 注意：在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时代替过 去将来时。如： He told me that I would let him know if I came here.他告诉我 说如果我来这儿，告诉他一声。 I thought that she would be very sad when she heard this news. 我想她听到此消息的时候将会非常悲伤。 九、现在完成进行时 现在完成进行时是指发生在过去的某个动作延续到现在， 或许还要继续延续到将来；这种时态侧重于这个动作的连续性， 或者说不间断性。结构：have/has＋been＋现在分词。如： Ive been waiting for you for the whole morning.整个上午我 一直在等你。 She has been doing her homework since she came back from school.自放学回来，她就一直在做作业。 一、现在完成时与一般过去时 1.侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时 态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时 是