冰核细菌对仁用杏胚珠超微结构的影响 - 园艺学报.PDF

园　艺 　学 　报 　2004 , 31 ( 1) : 21～24 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 冰核细菌对仁用杏胚珠超微结构的影响 彭伟秀 　杨建民 　张 　芹 　孟庆瑞 (河北农业大学园林与旅游学院 , 保定 071000) 摘 　要 : 应用透射电镜对两个仁用杏品种 ‘白玉扁’和 ‘一窝蜂’接种冰核细菌并低温处理后的胚珠 超微结构进行了观察 , 发现冰核细菌对胚珠的超微结构有一定影响 : ( 1) 使珠心细胞发生严重的质壁分离 , 细胞质中存在大量泡状结构 , 线粒体的内部结构完全被破坏 , 呈透明状 , 而且有些珠心细胞中形成同心圆 状的多膜内含物 ; (2) 使胚囊中卵细胞的细胞核外膜膨胀 , 甚至核膜局部解体 , 细胞质中细胞器减少 。这 些变化致使胚珠发育不正常 , 影响受精而导致减产或绝收 。接种冰核细菌并低温处理比单纯低温处理对胚 珠超微结构的破坏程度重 。 关键词 : 杏 ; 冰核细菌 ; 胚珠 ; 超微结构 中图分类号 : S 6622 　　文献标识码 : A 　　文章编号 : 0513353X (2004) Effect of Ice Nucleation Active Bacteria on the Ultrastructure of Apricot Varieties Ovule Peng Weixiu , Yang Jianmin , Zhang Qin , and Meng Qingrui ( College of Gardens and Tourism , Agricultural University of Hebei , B aoding 071000 , China) Abstract : The ultrastructure of two kinds of apricot ( Prunus armeniaca L . ) ovule by ice nucleation active ( INA) bacteria and low temperature was investigated with transmission electron microscopy . The results showed that the ultrastructure of ovule was influenced by the INA bacteria . ( 1) The plasmolysis phenomenon occurred in the nucellus cells , a great lot of vesicle structures existed in the cytoplasm. The structures of mitochondrion was entirely damaged and turned transparent . Furthermore there were multimembrane inclusions with concentric circles in some nucellus cells. (2) The ectoblast nuclear membrane of ovum in embryosac was inflated . The nuclear membrane was disintegrated partly and number of organelles in cytoplasm decreased . Therefore , the ovule could not develop normally , which interfered the spermatiation and led to the reduction in apricot yield or even no output at all . I