统计模拟与R相关资料习题答案.ppt

画图(image) data(volcano) x - 10*(1:nrow(volcano)) y - 10*(1:ncol(volcano)) image(x, y, volcano, col = terrain.colors(100), axes = FALSE) contour(x, y, volcano, levels = seq(90, 200, by=5), add = TRUE, col = peru) axis(1, at = seq(100, 800, by = 100)) axis(2, at = seq(100, 600, by = 100)) box() title(main = Maunga Whau Volcano, font.main = 4) 画图(箭头和线段) x=runif(12);y=rnorm(12);I=order(x,y);x=x[i];y=y[i];plot(x,y, main=arrows(.) and segments(.))## draw arrows from point to point : s=seq(length(x)-1)# one shorter than data arrows(x[s],y[s],x[s+1],y[s+1],col= 1:3) s=s[-length(s)];segments(x[s],y[s], x[s+2],y[s+2],col=pink) 第一部分画点,第二部分画箭头,第三部分画线段 postscript(“myfile.ps”)#保存图像到文件 plot(1:10)#画散点图,不会显示在图形窗口 dev.off()#关闭设备 画图(继续) par(mfrow=c(2,2)) plot(1:10,1:10,main=Straight line,type=l) locator(n=2,type=l)#加一条n个点决定的折线 hist(rnorm(50), main=Histogram of Normal) qqnorm(rt(100,2), main=Samples from t(2)) plot(density(rnorm(50)), main=Normal density) par(mfrow=c(1,1)) 画图(继续) plot(complex(arg=seq(-pi,pi,len=20)),main=Complex numbers, sub=circle) 画图(时间序列) x=runif(100);x=ts(x,start=1960+(3/12),frequency=12);options(digits=2);x plot(x,main=Time series) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep 1960 0.28960 0.85129 0.05823 0.46995 0.57905 0.73799 1961 0.28672 0.20442 0.41045 0.96187 0.06345 0.18318 0.73739 0.08260 0.74940 1962 0.43173 0.10568 0.44284 0.09334 0.44954 0.10872 0.05065 0.63924 0.31070 1963 0.67849 0.62165 0.21193 0.98964 0.96315 0.29877 0.95799 0.84184 0.69913 1964 0.99902 0.86650 0.83739 0.26195 0.70877 0.94352 0.56905 0.76416 0.95544 1965 0.15065 0.00066 0.87050 0.78968 0.58603 0.35572 0.04752 0.25399 0.11059 1966 0.04642 0.74758 0.42476 0.50551 0.76536 0.73733 0.48250 0.07827 0.91807 1967 0.70602 0.94552 0.32180 0.20975 0.59760 0.04847 0.46288 0.40607 0.61738 1968 0.26741 0.01976 0.44851 0.90064 0.07154 0.59455 0.51154 Oct Nov Dec 1960 0.66690 0