我国杉木无性系选育的成就、问题和对策.pdfVIP

第20卷 第6期 世 界 林 业 研 究 v0i．20 N0．6 2007年12月 World Forestry Research Dec．20o7 我国杉木无性系选育的成就、问题和对策 齐 明 (中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所，浙江富阳311400) 摘要：经过几十年的科学研究，我国的杉木无性系选育取得了重大进展，涉及杉木的生长、形质、抗病和抗虫 等方面，选育了若干优良无性系，区域化试验的结果揭示杉木无性系与环境存在明显的互作。但是高产优质 多抗杉木无性系选育也面临不少问题，主要是生长与材性，生长与抗逆性闻存在负的遗传相关，以及无性繁 殖中的退化问题等。文中提出了对这一系列问题的解决办法，讨论出了高产优质多抗杉木无性系选育的方 案和技术路线，并对当前杉木无性系选育中的一些问题提出了对策。 关键词：杉木，无性系，选育，问题，对策 中图分类号：S 714，S 718．5 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001—4241(2007)06—0050—06’ Achievements，Problems and Countermeasures of Clonal Selection and Breeding of Chinese Fir in China Qi Ming (Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry，Chinese Academy of Forestry，Fuyang 3 1 1400，Zhejiang，China) Abstract：Great progress has been made in clonal selection and breeding of Chinese fir through the cooperative researches in the past decades．In this paper，the authar briefly reviewes the major a— chievements including clonal variation and clonal selection，asexual propagation and clonal forestry that mainly involves improvement of growth，shape and quality，disease-resistant，pest-resistant， and SO on． Many fine clones has been evaluated and chosen out． Regional tests of multiplace plan— tations showed that the interaction between clonal genotype and environment is more obvious．Selec— tion and breeding of Chinese fir clones having higher productivity，better quality and multiple resist— ances was faced with difficulties，i．e：(1)negative genetic correlation between growth and wood property；(2)negative genetic correlation between growth and resistance；(3)the problem as”de— generation”in asexual propagation，and SO on．Here solving measures aiming