防疲劳驾驶1.ppt

会受困倦影响的关键技能 困倦影响很多应急所需的技能: 我们睡了多少? 睡眠不足与驾驶 睡眠不足与酒精 短期措施 计划好你的行程 如果觉得困 – 停止驾驶 停在安全的地方 如有必要，电话通知车辆调度 喝上两杯浓咖啡 打盹15-20 分钟 切记：以上只是应急之举 你何时会停车休息? 很难集中注意力时? 频繁调整驾驶姿势时? 反复伸展肢体并打哈欠时? 不自觉点头时? 睁开眼皮非常费劲时? This chart shows the times of day when tiredness-related vehicle accidents are most likely to occur. This shows that there are three peaks across the 24 hour period. The first peak occurs at about 2am and is consistent with people returning from a night out. The second peak occurs between about 4am and 6am, and is consistent with people driving to work to begin an early shift or driving home from work having finished a late shift.This is also one of the times of the day when the body is naturally at its least alert, when we are most likely to feel sleepy. The final peak occurs at between 3-5pm and is consistent with the other time of the 24 hour cycle when the body is most likely to feel sleepy, often referred to as the ‘afternoon dip’. When Fatigue and tiredness occur together they make a hazardous combination. One example would be going to the gym and doing some hard physical exercise (causing fatigue) and then going to a party and staying up late (causing sleepiness). In the workplace, the combination could involve doing a physically or mentally demanding job through the night. Sleep is the only effective cure for tiredness. 车 队  2017年4月 安全经验分享 ——疲劳杀手 疲劳与困倦– 有什么区别? 疲劳: 因长时间体力和脑力劳动导致的不适 需要休息，但不一定要睡眠 与睡眠多少无关 困倦/瞌睡: 因睡眠不足或长时间不睡眠而容易打瞌睡 如：去晚餐后又在晚会上玩到很晚 对驾驶员而言特别危险。 只有休息是不够的 睡觉是唯一能消除困倦的良方 疲劳 + 困倦= 危险 疲劳与困倦– 有什么区别? 正确判断复杂的情形 忽略无关信息 评估风险，判断后果 应对突发情况 跟踪情况的变化 制定并更新策略 有效的交流 导致了20%的公路事故 驾驶员事故死亡的最常见原因 车辆损毁的最常见原因 事故后果更糟 – 高速, 无避险措施 死亡和重伤概率要高出2倍 睡眠有问题的人在工作中发生事故的概率要 比正常人高出1倍 驾驶员困倦是杀手 导致死亡的公路撞车事故的原因 困倦相关的事故何时发生? 生物钟 凌晨2 - 6 时 体温最低 最瞌睡 最不清醒(思维和体力) 下午3 – 5时 高度瞌睡 很难保持警觉 24 小时体温周期 不睡觉我们就活不了 多数人每天需要约 7-8 小时睡眠 睡眠不足将导致: - 注意力难集中 - 反应慢 - 思维缓慢、模糊 - 速度控制错乱 - 操纵不精确 缺少睡眠可以累积 恢复需要两整夜的睡眠 睡眠必不可少 受调查者 6 8 10 10 5 30 10 20 一般睡眠时间