奶牛的乳房炎重点讲义.ppt

Mastitis in Dairy Cattle 奶牛的乳房炎 Normal Milk 正常的牛奶 Color – white, or yellow-white 颜色－白色或淡黄色 No visible clots or flakes 没有可见的凝块或絮片 Somatic Cell Count (SCC) 100,000 per ml 体细胞数计数每毫升小于10万 Mastitis Milk 乳房炎奶 Abnormal color 颜色不正常 Visible flakes or clots 有可见的凝块或絮片 SCC almost always 200,000/ml 体细胞计数总是大于每毫升20万 SCC from 100,000 to 200,000 is questionable (chronic mastitis or recovering from mastitis) 体细胞计数10万-20万为可疑 （慢性乳房炎或正在从乳房炎痊愈） Somatic Cell Count (SCC)体细胞计数 Somatic cells are cells found in milk and are mostly white blood cells with some mammary epithelial cells 体细胞是在牛奶中发现的细胞。大多数为白血球，带有一些乳腺上皮细胞。 Most common cell in mastitis milk is the neutrophil 乳房炎奶中最普遍的细胞是嗜中性白细胞。 Relationship of SCC and Production体细胞计数与产奶量的关系 Above 50,000 cells/ml there is a loss of production of 0.68 kg per day for each unit of increase in the linear score . Or each doubling of the SCC 每毫升体细胞超过5万时，线性评分每增加一个单位每日产奶量就损失0.68千克。或每个分值使体细胞计数增加一倍。 Ex… from 200,000 to 400,000 cells per ml the daily loss increases from 1.36 to 2.04 kg 例如，体细胞计数每毫升从20万增加到40万，产奶量每头日损失就从1.36千克增加到2.04千克。 Interpreting SCC体细胞的解释 Normal milk (0-100,000/ml) there is essentially zero loss of production 正常牛奶（每毫升0－10万）的产奶量损失为零。 Mastitis milk (200,000/ml) there is at least 1.3 kg of production loss daily per cow 乳房炎奶（每毫升体细胞大于20万）头日产奶量至少损失1.3千克。 SCC Goals for Dairy Herds (per ml)奶牛群每毫升体细胞的目标 Bulk Tank SCC 250,000 罐乳小于25万 Herd Average200,000 (average of individual cow tests) 群体平均小于20万（个体母牛测定的平均数） 1st Lactation Cows (at calving) 100,000 一胎母牛（产犊时）小于10万 85% of all cows 200,000 全部母牛85%以上小于20万 95% of all cows 500,000 全部母牛95%以上小于50万 Classification of Mastitis乳房炎的分类 Transmission: Contagious or Environmental 传播：传染性或环境性 Disease: Clinical or Sub-clinical 发病：临床或亚临床 Disease duration: Acute or Chronic 发病的持续时间：急性或慢性 Transmission: Contagious传播：接触性传染 Contagious mastitis: spread from cow to cow through milking machines, hands of milkers, and other forms of contact bet