美国文学史期末论文终极版.doc

Contents 摘要Abstract1 Chapter 1 American Romanticism(1810--1865)2 1.Background reasons2 1.1 Politically this period was ripe2 1.2 Economically American had never been wealthier2 1.3 Culturally American own value emerged2 Basic features and styles2 2.1 Expressiveness2 2.2 Imagination2 2.3 Worship of nature2 2.4 Simplicity3 2.5 Cultural nationalism3 2.6 Liberty,freedom,democracy and individualism3 Influence3 Chapter 2 American Realism(1865--1914)3 Background changes3 1.1 Politics4 1.2 Economics4 1.3 Cultural and social changes4 Basic features and styles4 2.1 Truthful description of the actualities of the real life and material4 2.2 Focus on ordinariness4 3. Three dominant figures4 4. Influence5 Chapter 3 American Naturalism(1890--1914)5 1. Background information5 1.1 Cultural and Social Background5 1.2 Religion and theoretical basis5 2. Major ideas and features of Naturalism5 2.1 Determinism5 2.2 World: godless, indifferent, hostile6 2.3 Style: scientific objectivity6 2.4 Subjects and themes6 3. A representative work that show the ideas and features above6 Influence6 Chapter 4 American Modernism(1914--1945)6 Background information6 1.1 Politics6 1.2 Economy7 1.3 Cultural and social background7 Characteristics and features of Modernism7 Major genres and a representative of each one7 3.1 Modern poetry——Ezra Pound7 3.2 Modern fiction——Ernest Hemingway7 Influence8 Chapter 5 American Postmodernism(1914--1945)8 1. Background information8 1.1 Politics8 1.2 Economics8 1.3 Social and international background8 2. Characteristics and major features8 2.1 Experimental writing techniques8 2.3 Irony, playfulness and black humor9 Influence9 Bibliographies9 摘要 具有自身特点的新文学的出现，是一个国家真正形成的标志。自从美国在政治上取得独立后，便迎来了文学史的第一个高潮——浪漫主义文学。好景不长，19世纪中叶的内战使国内环境发生巨大变化，美国文学转向了对社会和人类本质的探讨。由此便诞生了现实主义和自然主义文学。紧接着，随着一战爆发，社会国际环境又发生了翻天覆地的变化。大批的作家开始改造传统的艺术形式，这就是美国的“第二次文艺复兴”——现代主义文学.而二战后的美国后现代主义文学也是美国文学史上不容忽视的一个百花齐放的时期。 而本篇论文对于美国文学史各时期的简述有以下几个重点：一，紧扣“变化”，分析各文学时期形成背景；二，总结各时期文学作品的特征及风格，并举例说明；三，对各时期代表