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BGP Flow Specification
Deployment Experience
Derek Gassen, Raul Lozano
Time Warner Telecom
Danny McPherson, Craig Labovitz
Arbor Networks
Agenda
• Flow Spec Overview
• About TWTC
• DDOS problem and Observations
• Previous Mitigation Approaches
• Experiences with Flow Spec
• Futures
1
Flow Spec Overview
The Problem: Providers have limited options for
mitigating DDoS attacks internally and inter-
provider, e.g:
– BGP destination black-holes: completes the attack
– BGP src/uRP: difficult for some spoofed attacks
and/or support large numbers of sources
– ACLS: difficult to maintain and occasionally
dangerous to install
2
Flow Spec
Basic idea: Use BGP to distribute flow
specification filters and dynamically filter on
routers.
3
Flow Spec
• Encode flow specification rules as new BGP NLRI
address family.
• BGP itself treats the FlowSpec NLRI as an opaque key
to an entry in its database.
• Use extended communities to specify action (accept,
discard, rate-limit, sample, redirect).
• Match on combination of source/dest prefix,
source/dest port, ICMP type/code, packet size, DSCP,
TCP flag, fragment encoding, etc.
Example: all TCP port 80..90 packets to
192.168.0/24.
4
Flow Spec Trust Model
• Unicast routing advertisements control traffic gets
forwarded.
• Consider a filter as a “hole” in the aggregate of traffic that
is being forwarded to a destination prefix.
• Accept filter when advertised by next-hop for the
destination prefix.
5
Flow Spec Benefits
• Fine grain specification of filters with
BGP’s ease of deployment/management
– BGP solves distribution and trust problem
• Leverage ASIC filtering in routers.
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