高级汉英翻译第三单元 如何提高汉英翻译能力.ppt

The Semiotic Perspective of Chinese-English Translation—How to Develop the Competence of Chinese-English Translation Dream Young 一. overcome the Obstacle of Understanding Many people think that the most difficult thing of translation from English to Chinese is the problem of understanding, while for translation from Chinese to English, expression is the most important. Actually, express mistakes in Chinese- English translation always because of the misunderstanding E.g 摸着石头过河 Question: 过河是乘船过(crossing by boat)还是淌水过(wading across)，动词用什么形式？这里的河是大河、中河还是小河 (river， stream，brook， etc.)？摸的方式是用手摸还是用脚触？石头是大石头还是小石头(rock， stone. Pebble，etc.) Three different versions: learning by experiment / by trial anderror(意译) wading across the stream by feeling the way（直译+意译） crossing the river by feeling the stones（直译） The meaning of the equivalent between Chinese and English is not the same or not completely the same, it cannot be translated literally E.g 他的英语说得真好，就像外国人一样。He speaks English so well， he sounds like a foreigner. He speaks English so well， he sounds like a native speaker. 二. overcome the Obstacle of Expression the Obstacle of Expression always reflected in grammar, collocation, the semantic misplacement语义错位, culture-loaded words and expressions , logical relationship, and style. There are some different version: （1） Outlaws of the Marsh （沼泽的不法之徒 （2） Water Margin （水边缘）； （3） All Men Are Brothers （皆兄弟）； （4） The Marshes of Mount Liang （梁山沼泽） 对于上述几种翻译：（1） ‘沼泽的不法之徒‘ 的概念比较全， 包括环境和人物。但是outlaws对应的汉语是“亡命之徒”或者是“违法之人”，在英语中多用作贬义，把这样的一个词放在这里显然是极其不合适的。（2） ’水边缘‘ 这个译本概念不全，只包括环境，而不包括人物（3） ’皆兄弟‘ 概念不全，只包括人物，不包括环境（4） ’梁山沼泽‘ 概念不全，不包括人物。所以综上所述，最准确的应该是“Heros by the Marshes” two ways to avoid wordy expressions 1. using words instead of phrase E.g Forget忘记do not remember没有记住 Ignore忽视do not pay attention to不注意 Now现在at this point in time此时此刻 Because由于due to the fact that鉴于下列事实 2.Omit relative synonyms and approximate synonyms E.g important(重要的)，significant（有重要的意义） 1. The government project i