页面提取自-星载SAR用到的坐标系关系_Thesis.docx

页面提取自-星载SAR用到的坐标系关系_Thesis.docx

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页面提取自-星载SAR用到的坐标系关系_Thesis重点讲义

AppendixCoordinateFramesandTransformationsSeveraldifferentcoordinateframesareusedinthiswork.Eachofthemhassomeadvantagesconcerningthecalculationsthataredoneonitsbasis.MostoftheframesareCartesian,becausetheyallowrathersimplevectoralgebra.Andbeyondit,asetofsimplematricescanbeusedtoperformvectorrotationaroundeachaxis[AppendixA.2].ThefinalresultsaremostlygiveninellipsoidalWGS84coordinatestorelatethemtothesurfaceoftherotatingearth[AppendixA.1.2].DefinitionoftheCoordinateFramesEarthCenteredInertialSystem(IN)vsatPsatFigA.1:EarthCenteredInertialSystemTheEarthCenteredInertialSystemisarighthandedCartesiancoordinateframe.Allvectorsrelatedtoanorbitalplatform(e.g.position,velocity)canbecalculatedindependentlyfromtheearth’srotationinthissystem.Definition:Thepointoforiginisthegeocenter.Thez-axisisparalleltothespinaxisoftheearth,thex-axisliesintheequatorialplaneandpointstowardsthevernalequinox(γ).Orthogonaltothex-z-plane,they-axiscompletestherighthandedcoordinatesystem.EarthCenteredEarthFixedSystem(EF)LiketheEarthCenteredInertialSystem,theEarthCenteredEarthFixedSystemisrighthandedandCartesian.Inthiscoordinateframeallvectorscanbeexpressedrelatedtotherotatingearth.Fig.A.2:EarthCenteredEarthFixedSystemwithellipsoidalcoordinatesDefinition:Againthepointoforiginisthegeocenter.Thez-axisisalignedwiththez-axisoftheEarthCenteredInertialSystem.Thex-axisliesintheequatorialplaneandpointstowardstheintersectionofequatorandzeromeridian.They-axiscompletestherighthandedsystem.RelativetotheEarthCenteredInertialSystem,theearthfixedsystemrotatesaroundthez-axiswiththeangularvelocityofω.Allvectorsintheearthfixedsystemcanalsobeexpressedbyellipsoidalcoordinates.ThesearerelatedtotheWGS84ellipsoid.Theparametersare:aearth6378137msemimajoraxisoftheWGS84ellipsoideearth0.081819190eccentricityoftheWGS84ellipsoidω0.72921151467E-04rad/sangularvelocityTab.A.1:ParametersoftheWGS84EllipsoidTheellipsoidalcoordinatesare:ΦlatitudeΛlongitudehheightabovetheWGS84ellipsoidTab.A.2:EllipsoidalCoordinatesNotethatthepointwhereall

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