(主谓一致)语法.ppt

2. Many a, more than one+单数名词构成的短语做主语，尽管意义上是 复数，但谓动仍用单数。 ① Many a comrade has that of opportunity. ② more than one person is ready to try his luck this time. 八、集体名词做主语时的主谓一致 1.有生命的词，如cattle, police等做主语时，谓动常用复数。 The police are investigating the crime. 2.无生命的词，如foliage(叶子），machinery(机械），merchandise(商品、货物）等做主语时，谓动用单数。 All the machinery in this factory is made in China. 3. audience, class, crew, committee, family, team, group, army, police等做主语时，如指一整体，谓动用单数；如指全体中的每一个成员，谓动则用复数。 ① The football team is being recognized. ② The football team are having baths and are coming back here for tea. 九、“ one of+复数名词+定语从句“结构中的主谓一致 1. 在”one of +复数名词+定语从句“结构中，定语从句中的谓动的单复数形式由它所修饰的先行词来决定。 This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire. 2. 在”the only one of+复数名词+定语从句“结构中，定语从句的谓动仍用单数。 Mary is the only one of the youngest girls who is studying the major of International Law in this university. 十、从句、不定式、-ing形式做主语时的主谓一致 1.在以what从句作主语的”主系表“结构中，主句的谓动要以表语名词的单复数而定。 ① What caused the accident is a complete mystery. ② What his father left him are a few English books. 2.动词不定式、-ing形式做主语，谓动用单数。 To learn English well is difficult. 3.在what从句所引导的”主系表“结构中，若从句中具有两个以上的动词，主句中谓动应用复数。 What I say and think are none of your business. 4.以who, why, how, whether或that引导的从句做主语时，谓动用单数。 Why she did this is not known. 由how and why, when and where引导的从句做主语时，谓动仍用单数。 When and where we will have the meeting has not been decided. 5. and连接的两个名词性从句做主语，如表示两件事情，则谓动用复数。 What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us. 几个容易弄错的主谓一致问题 1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语 此时谓语动词的数通常用单数(即遵循语法一致的原则)： Many a child was playing there. 很多小孩在那儿玩。 More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一个学生考试未及格。 ? 2. each 用于复数名词后作同位语 此时谓语动词用复数： They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英汉词典。 The young people each carry a big bag. 这些年轻人个个背着一个大袋子。 ? 3. 主语后接in addition to, with, along with, together with, except, but等介词 此时其后的动词形式取决介词前主语： Nothing but trees was to be seen. 除了树木之外什么也看不见。 No one except m