-13- The Cost of Australian Carbon Dioxide Abatement-英文文献.pdf

The Cost of Australian Carbon Dioxide Abatement Robert E. Marks Peter L. Swan Australian Graduate School of Management, University of New South Wales Peter McLennan Richard Schodde McLennan Magasanik Associates Pty. Ltd., Melbourne Peter B. Dixon David T. Johnson Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, University of Melbourne Published in the Energy Journal, 12(2): 135152, 1991 (corrected). - 13 - The Cost of Australian Carbon Dioxide Abatement Robert E. Marks*, Peter L. Swan*, Peter McLennan, Richard Schodde, Peter B. Dixonß, and David T. Johnsonß AbstractThe paper examines efcient means of abating the greenhouse effect by reducing the emissions of CO2 It examines the generation of CO2 emissions from fossil fuels in Australia, and analyses means to cut emissions from electricity generation and road transport. Finally, it calculates the cost in terms of growth forgone of measures to attain the Toronto targets for Australian electricity generation and road transport, using the ORANI multisectoral model. 1. THE TORONTO TARGET Following concern at the increasing concentration of atmospheric CO2 and the possibility that this would lead to global warming through the greenhouse effect, an international conference held in Toronto in 1988 proposed that all countries, including Australia, aim to cut their emissions of CO2 associated with human activity to 80% of their 198