Rural Libraries and Rural Librarian Training in the US 农村图书馆和 .PPT

Rural Libraries and Rural Librarian Training in the US农村图书馆和农村图书馆员培训 Mengxiong Liu, Ph.D. San Jose State University 刘孟雄博士 圣荷西州立大学 Rural Background美国农村概况 85% land is rural 农村面积 25% rural population 农村人口 Out migration in the 1980s 农村人口外流 Reverse in the 1990s 农村人口回流 Outmigration: young and highly educated 农村人口外流多为年轻有文化者 Living Conditions in Rural Areas农村生活情况 57% do not own a car 没有汽车 40% w/o public transportation 没有公共交通 22,000,000 live in medically underserved areas 缺医少药 Fewer rural residents have B.A. or higher 大学毕业年轻人要比城市少得多 More rural residents have no high school diploma 没有高中毕业的要比城市多得多 Rural Communities’ Unique Challenges农村社区的独特挑战 Isolation Los population density Mobility disadvantages Scarcity of financial resources Lack of expertise and human resources Resistance to change and innovation Lack of ancillary services 偏僻孤立 人口密度低 流动性不足 稀缺的金融资源 缺乏专业知识和人力资源 偏于保守，抵制变革与创新 缺乏辅助服务  Rural Library Issues农村图书馆问题 Library financing Lack of academically trained staff Lack of technology Limited analysis of community needs Traditionally conservative nature 缺乏图书馆资金 缺乏训练有素的工作人员 缺乏技术条件 社会需求分析不足 传统保守的性质 ALA Committee on Rural, Native, and Tribal Libraries of All Kinds (2004) 农村,原住民和部落图书馆委员会 /ala/aboutala/offices/olos/rntloakcttee.cfm To review issues and challenges facing rural, native and tribal libraries of all kinds; to collaborate with other ALA units addressing the needs of rural communities; and to serve as an advocate for and partner with libraries serving rural, tribal and native populations. 审查农村,原住民和部落图书馆面临的问题和挑战;与全美图书馆协会协作解决农村社区的需要;并成为一个为合作伙伴提供服务和倡导农村原住民和部落图书馆地推动者和合作伙伴。 Survey Results 调查结果 Greatest challenge – money Training needs for both library staff and users: computer skills and basic library skills Training needs for library staff: academic training Hardware, technical support and training 最大的挑战 – 资金 图书馆工作人员和用户培训需求：电脑技能和图书馆使用基本技能 图书馆工作人员培训需求：系统图书馆学 硬件，技术支持 Assets in rural Communities and Libraries 农村社区和图书馆所拥有的资产 Rural people – the biggest