不锈钢薄板光纤激光切割优化实验郑磊,张清萍(济南大学机械工程.DOC

不锈钢薄板光纤激光切割优化实验 郑磊,张清萍 (济南大学 机械工程学院，山东 济南 250022) 摘要：激光切割是一个复杂的过程，为了研究光纤激光对304不锈钢薄板切割质量的影响，发现工艺参数对切割指标的影响规律，得到最优切割工艺参数。本文利用光纤激光器对1mm、2mm、3mm厚度的304不锈钢进行了激光切割实验。通过软件设计实验、板材切割、数据采集、软件分析等过程，利用三维曲面表达结果。实验表明：挂渣量的多少主要取决于焦点与功率，且两者都存在一个最佳范围；切缝宽度的大小主要取决于板厚与功率；粗糙度的大小主要取决于功率和焦点，两者也存在一个最佳范围；条纹间距主要取决于气压和功率，最终得到切割3种不同厚度板材的最优参数。 关键词：激光切割 ；304不锈钢 ；响应曲面 中图分类号：TG485 文献标识码：A An Optimal Experiment of Stainless Steel Sheet Fiber Laser Cutting ( School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, CHN ) Abstract: laser cutting is an extremely complicated process, in order to study effects on quality of the 304 stainless steel thin sheet cutting caused by fiber laser, find the rules of processing parameter’s effects on cutting index and get optimal cutting technique index. In this paper, it adopts conducting experiment of laser cutting by 304 stainless steel with thickness of 1mm, 2mm and 3mm. The dissertation mainly use software designing experiment, plates cutting, data collecting, software analysis and so much of processes, expressing results through three-dimension shape. The experiment indicates that quantity of adhering slag mainly depends on focal point and power, and there is a best range between them. The size of kerf width primarily depends on thickness of plates and power; roughness chiefly rests with power and focal point, and there is also an optimal scope; while fringe spacing depends on air pressure and power, eventually, it gets the best index of these three different thickness. Key words: laser cutting; 304 stainless steel; response surface methodology 0 引言 激光作为上一个世纪的产物，它与诸多伟大的发明一起成为举世瞩目的重大科研成就[1]。激光切割无论在硬件机床还是软件切割工艺都在不断完善。由于激光切割具有很多的优势，截止现在激光切割已经替代了很多的传统加工方法对板材的加工[2]，而且现在激光切割市场非常好，大多数人们已经接受了这种新型的而且效率好的加工方式，实际上它创造的经济效益已经有目共睹了[3]。陈聪等人[2]利用光纤激光切割机对AA6061铝合金做了实验分析，得到激光功率是影响切割质量的关键因素。Ove Olsen，Flemming[3]在CO2激光器切割2mm不锈钢实验中发现切割速度0.6m/min，切割功率400W是毛刺最少的工艺参数。影响激光切割质量的因素很多，主要有切割速度、切割功率、切割气压、焦点、喷嘴孔径。切割指标主要包括切缝宽度、粗糙度、热影响区宽度、切面条纹、挂渣[4]。本文利用光纤激光切割机对304不锈钢薄板进行切割实验，研究