_定语从句讲解.pptx

关系词有三个作用： 1.连接作用：连接主句与从句； 2. 成分作用：在定语从句中充当一个成分，如：主、宾、表、定、状等； 3. 替代作用：代替某一名词，代词或某一句话的内容。 He doesnt seem to be the man (that) he was ten years ago.;;二.定语从句的分类 分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 形式：限--没有逗号 非限—有逗号 意义：限—少了定从，句子意义不完整 非限—定从是对句子的补充说明 翻译：限—先翻译定从，后翻译先行词 非限—译成并列句 My brother who lives in New York has six children. My brother, who lives in New York, has six children.; 定语从句 一.定义 在复合句中，修饰或限定某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰限定的名词或代词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。 I’ll never forget the day which we spent together. I’ll never forget the day when we worked together. 6关系代词有：who; whom; whose; that; which; as 3关系副词有：when; where; why 用关系代词还是关系副词取决于定语从句中是否缺成分。（主语、宾语、表语、定语） 缺成分用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词。 ;三.关系代词的应用 1. who/ that I know about the man who/that spoke to you just now. 先行词指人，用who不用that 的情况： 1)Those (who have questions) put up your hands. Anyone (who breaks the law) will be punished. He (who laughs last) laughs best. 人称代词后必须用who,尤其是谚语中 The student you should learn from is the one who works hard . Your friend, who doesn’t work hard, asks you to help him cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.(非限） 先行词指人，只用that 不用who的情况： 2) Who is the man (that is talking with our teacher)?;2.Whom The man whom (who/that) you saw just now is our teacher. The man with whom you talked just now is our teacher. ;3.Whose He is the student whose handwriting is the best in our class. I live in the room whose windows face south. whose +n.=the +n.+of which/whom =of which/whom+the +n. He is the student the handwriting of whom is the best in our class. = He is the student of whom the handwriting is the best in our class. I live in the room the windows of which face south. I live in the room of which the windows face south. ;4. that/ which 先行词指物，只能用关系代词that的情况 1）先行词为 all, few, little, much , the one, something , anything , everything , nothing等不定代词时，或者先行词被all ,every ,no , some , lit