“It”作形式主语和宾语.ppt

“It”作形式主语和宾语 一、 It 用作形式主语 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在 某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构前后平 衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语置 于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只 起先行引导作用，本身无词义。 e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. It为to tell a lie的形式主语 It is no use arguing about it. It为arguing about it的形式主语 It is uncertain who will come. It为who will come的形式主语 It 作形式主语的常见句型： ① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that …. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。) 翻译 1.覆水难收。 ____useless _____ over the spilt milk. 2.她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。 _______really surprising _____ she ________ a man like that. It was that married It is crying ② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that …. e.g. It is no good telling lies. 撒谎没好处。 It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist Party. 没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。 翻译 你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。 ______________ you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. It is a pity that ③ It + be + 过去分词 + that …. 该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe, decide, etc. e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer. 据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。 大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。 _________________China will become one of _______________ ____________in the world. 据报道，超过十七万人在2004年那场海 啸中丧生。 _____________that ________170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami. It is believed that countries the strongest It was reported more than ④ It + seems / appears / happens 等不及物动词 + that 引导的主语从句 e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. (似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。) It appears that Tom might change his mind. (看来汤姆可能会改变主意。) ⑤ 若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。 e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow? (他们明天不来很重要吗？) Is it true that he will go abroad next week? (他下周出国是真的吗？) ⑥ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth. 这是一个表示“（某人）花多少时间 干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语， 代替后面的不定式（to do sth.）， 句型中的sb.也可以省略。 e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials. 我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。 翻译 从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。 _________fourteen hours _______ New Zealand _____