云南龙胆种子萌发特性探究.doc

云南龙胆种子萌发特性探究 　　摘 要：?文以云南龙胆（Gentiana yunnanensis）种子为试验材料，经赤霉素、氯化钙、硝酸钾的不同浓度处理，用不同温度浸种，置不同光照下培养，研究其萌发特性。结果表明：云南龙胆种子经室温培养10d即可萌发；在不同浸种温度下萌发率相差不显著。蒸馏水室温浸种，24h/d光照培养萌发率为50%，自然光照培养萌发率为60%，黑暗条件培养萌发率为14.00%，光照与黑暗培养萌发指标差异显著（P0.05）。光能促进云南龙胆种子萌发，试剂处理不仅能提高云南龙胆种子萌发率，而且能促进胚根与胚轴的伸长 关键词：云南龙胆；种子萌发；氯化钙；赤霉素；硝酸钾 中图分类号 S567.239 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731（2017）10-0029-05 Abstract：In this study，seeds of Gentiana yunnanensis were used as experimental material，different concentrations of gibberellin，calcium chloride and potassium nitrate，different temperature levels for soaking seeds and different light conditions were selected to treat the seeds. The results showed that 10 days cultivation at room temperature was enough for the seed of Gentiana yunnanensis to germinate while there was no significant difference for seed germination rate under different levels of soaking temperature. The germination rate of seed soaked in distilled water at room temperature and 24h/d light condition was 50% while 60% in the natural light conditions and 14% in the dark light conditions. There was a significant difference for seed germination rate between dark and light conditions （P 0.05）. Light could promote the Gentiana yunnanensis seeds germination. The treatment with different types and concentrations of reagent could not only improve the seeds germination rate，but also promote the elongation of radicel and hypocotyl. Key words：Gentiana yunnanensis；Seed germination；Calcium chloride；Gibberellin；Potassium nitrate 　　云南龙胆（Gentiana yunnanensis）为龙胆属（Gentiana）一年生草本植物，分布于西藏东南部、云南、四川、贵州[1]。以全草入药，具有清热利湿，解毒消炎，主治热咳、咽喉肿痛、火眼，风火牙痛等症[2]。目前，有关云南龙胆的研究仍较少。孙爱群[3，4]等对贵州云南龙胆资源进行了调查，认为赫章、盘县、水城、钟山有分布；孙爱群等[5]观察了云南龙胆的显微特征，认为显微镜下可以将云南龙胆种子与其他4种龙胆种子区分开来，蒸馏水浸种云南龙胆种子发芽率较低（33.33%±7.02），发芽速度较慢（发芽时滞12d）。本实验以野生云南龙胆种子为材料，用不同试剂及试剂的不同浓度在不同温度下浸种，在不同光照下培养，探索种子萌发特性，旨在为云南龙胆的人工栽培提供基础资料 1 材料与方法 1.1 供试种子 供试种子云南龙胆2014年10月采自钟山区韭菜坪和水城县双嘎乡，经过分级、筛选保留籽粒饱满、无损伤的成熟种子，置4℃保存备用 1.2 方法 1.2.1 云南龙胆种子长短经及千粒重的测定 随机数取50粒种子，用显微镜（精度0.01mm）分别测量种子长和宽，取平