英语语法直接引语与间接引语介绍.ppt

* 英语语法 一字不改地引用或复述别人的 话，被引用或复述的部分就叫直接引语； 直接引语必须都放在引号中，其位置 常在句尾或句首。 用自己的话转述别人的话；被转述的部分 就叫间接引语；间接引语不必用括号，一 般用宾语从句或复合宾语表达法。 原封不动引用别人的原话,原话在引号中。 “Take off your boots,” he said. “I don’t know where your bike is,” said the Arab. “I’m sorry,” the professor said to the class, “but none of you watched carefully enough.” 用自己的话转述别人所说的内容。通常 以宾语从句的形式出现。当直接引语变 为间接引语时，有关的人称、语序、时 态、代词、时间状语、地点状语、和少 数动词都要作相应的改变。 时 态 的 变 化 一般将来时 一般过去时 现在完成时 现在进行时 一般现在时 间接引语 直接引语 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时或不变 过去将来时 将来进行时 过去完成时 过去进行时 现在完成进行时 过去将来进行时 过去完成时 过去（完成）进行时 过去完成进行时 代词 时间 状语 地点 状语 少数 动词 must may can bring come now here these this 间 接 直 接 that those there then go take could might had to 间 接 直 接 the following day The next day tomorrow the day before yesterday that day today the following year next year the next week next week that year this year the week before last week the year before last year three years before three years ago 时 间 状 语 陈述句： 引语前用that引导,有时也可以不用。 He said, “I opened the window this morning.” He said that he opened the window that morning. My sister said, “We have cleaned the floor.” My sister said that they had cleaned the floor. The manager said to me, “You must go there next week.” The manager told me that I had to go there the next week. The girl said, “I can do my homework myself.” The girl said that she could do her homework herself. 如直接引语是客观真理， 变为间接引语时，时态不变。 The teacher said in class, “The moon moves around the earth.” The teacher said in class that the moon moves around the earth. 陈述句 直接引语变间接引语的结构： A said that A told B that The girl said that she could do her homework herself. The manager told me that I had to go there the next week. 一般疑问句： 变为间接引语后，要用陈述语序（主语 先写）用if 或whether引导。时态等作 相应变化。 He asked , “Can you hear me?” He asked if/whether