英语语法及词汇介绍.ppt

英语考前辅导 第一部分 语法、词汇 第一章 主谓一致 一、若以下词作句子主语时，谓语动词用单数形式（尽管有些词具有复数含意，仍然要用单数谓语）。 这些词包括：everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, no one, nobody, nothing, each, either, neither等。 Everyone is here.大家都到了。 Neither of these books is very new.这两本书都不很新。 二、当each或every置于and所连接的两个单数名词之前时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Every man and woman is eligible to vote.每一位成年男女都有选举。 Each student and teacher has a locker.每一位学生和老师都有一个更衣柜。 三、先行词it作主语时，要求用单数谓语动词。 It was the dogs which awakened me.是狗把我吵醒了。 It is grades that worry him.他担心的是成绩。 四、置于主语和动词之间的词不改变主语数的变化，介词词组常常放置于主语和动词之间。 together with in addition to The man a long with his ten children is leaving soon.这位男子和他的10个孩子很快就要离去。 as well as Everyone except him has a book.除了他之外，人人都有书了。 The teacher together with his students is viewing a film. 老师和他的学生们正在看电影。 One of the most enjoyable parties was given by Helen. 海伦举办的晚会是最愉快的晚会之一。 五、There, here和where不作句子主语，以它们开头的句子的主语位于动词之后。 There are no dogs in this neighborhood.邻居家没有狗。 Here are the results of the experiments.这是实验结果。 Where is the book you are looking for?你要找的书在哪儿？ 六、在由and 或both…and…连接的主语的句子中，谓语动词用复数。 A red Honda and a blue Ford are parked outside.外边停着一辆红色的“本田”车和兰色“福特”。 Both tigers and elephants are becoming extinct.老虎和大象正趋向绝迹。 七、Several, many, few和both都为复数式，谓语动词用复数形式。 Both are going to attend the University of Texas. Only a few have passed the exam. 八、表示着装、工具以及抽象概念的词总是以复数形式出现，而且通常用复数动词。这些词包 括：trousers, pants, jeans, sunglasses; scissors, pliers, tweezers, riches, thanks, means. His pants are still at the cleaners. Your thanks are enough for me. 但是，如果这些词和a pair of…或a word of …连用后，则可用单数谓 语动词。 That pair of pants i