英美文学3介绍.ppt

American Literature 美国文学 The Romantic Period End of the 18th century--- the outbreak of the Civil War. Washington Irving’s The Sketch Book华盛顿。欧文的《见闻札记》 Whitman’s Leave of Grass 惠特曼的《草叶集》 American Renaissance 美国文艺复兴 Background westward expansion 西部扩张 Industrial transformation工业的发展 Democracy and equality Sense of optimism Mood of feeling good American Romanticism A derivative 派生出来的 Under foreign influence： English Romanticists Common features: 1. the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature 2. free expression of emotion 3. the individual and the common man Unique features: 1. pioneering into the west---am escape from society and a return to nature 2. American Puritanism 清教思想： to moralize , original sin and mystery of evil 3. New England Transcendentalism 新英格兰先验主义 Puritanism the practices and beliefs of the Puritans serious, religious people, advocating highly religious and moral principles. predestination, original sin and total depravity a enduring influence on American literature New England Transcendentalism 新英格兰先验主义 Started by a group of people who were members of the transcendental club. Two most significant writers: Emerson and Thoreau Emphasis: the nature and individual（p.402） Major writers Poets: Philip Freneau菲利普·弗伦诺 William Cullen Bryant威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特 Henry Wordsworth Longfellow;朗费罗 Edgar Ellen Poe; 爱伦坡 Walt Whitman惠特曼 Washington Iving华盛顿欧文 James Fenimore Cooper库柏 Herman Melville赫尔曼·麦尔维尔 Nathaniel Hawthorne霍桑 Ralph Waldo Emerson爱默生 Washington Irving 华盛顿欧文 Early romanticist One of the first American writers to earn an international reputation Father of American short stories American Goldsmith 美国炼金士(p. 406) His works The Sketch Book 见闻札记33 essays Rip Van Winkle瑞普·凡·温克尔 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷传奇 From German legend. Ralph Waldo Emerson Spokesman of New England Transcendentalism（新英格兰先验主义的代言人） Transcendental Club Nature –an unofficial manifesto宣言书 New England Transcendentalism Over-soul—an all-pervading power Individual—