时态、语态研究.ppt

时态、主谓一致 时态 一、一般现在（过去）时、现在（过去）进行时的特殊用法。 1．James has just arrived，but I didn’t know he ___ until yesterday．(05-54) A．will come B．was coming C．had been coming D．came． Come, go, leave等表示位置移动的词的进行时可以表示即将发生的事。 时态 2．How can I ever concentrate if you ___ continually ____ me with silly questions?(97—41) A．have．．．interrupted B．had．．．interrupted C．are．．．interrupting D．were．．．Interrupting 现在进行时态可以表示说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频度副词，如always，constantly，continually等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 时态 二、现在完成时 1. _______conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen. (05--55) A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 时态 三、过去完成时 1. That was not the first time he __ us. I think its high time we __ strong actions against him. (05--60) A. betrayed ... take B. had betrayed ... took C. has betrayed ... took D. has betrayed ...Take 1. 背叛发生在说话以前，所以用过去完成时。 2. it’s high time句型中谓语部分用过去时表虚拟。 时态 2. When I arrived at the meeting，the first speaker __and the audience___． (92-47) A．had finished speaking，were clapping B．had finished speaking，had clapped C．finished speaking，clapped D．finished speaking，were clapping 时态 四、现在完成进行时 1. For some time now, world leaders ___ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction. (2002--43) A．had been pointing B．have been pointing C．were pointing D. pointed 时态 五、过去将来完成时 表示从过去某个时间看将来某时已经完成的动作。 Linda was ( ) the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute. (07) A to start B to have started C to be starting D to have been starting Be to do表示计划、打算做，was/were to have done是过去将来完成时，表示“从一个月前角度看应该已经完成了”，强调“原本计划做而未做” 主谓一致(Subject-predicate Agreement) 1. 随前原则（就远原则）：“名词或代词+由with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, but ,except, including, in addition to, like,