高考英语语法辅导-句子种类资料.ppt

Thank you! * * English Grammar Sentence 英语句子种类与类型 I、 简单句五种基本句型 + 句子成分 II、 句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句 III、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句 提 纲 I . 五种基本句型 1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词： e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语： e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）： e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。 句子成分 （一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 1. 主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。 (表示句子描述的是“谁” 或什么） 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3. One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5. Smoking does harm to the health. 6. The rich should help the poor. 7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3. One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5. Smoking does harm to the health. 6. The rich should help the poor. 7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 2. 谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning. 2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students. 3. 表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如： Our teacher of English is an American.（名词） Is it yours?（代词） The weather has turned cold.（形容词） The speech is exciting.（分词） Three times seven is twenty one?（数词） His job is to teach English.（不定式） His hobby（爱好）is playing footb