第一讲—句子成分.ppt

雅思语法第一讲 * * * ——句子构成成分分析 句子构成：九大成分 主 谓 宾 表 定 状 补 同位 插入 主语 （subject S） 名词：Computers are now being widely used in almost all fields. 代词：We are now living in an information-explosion era. 主语从句：Whether sports stars should earn a high salary is still discussed heatedly. V.-ing：Surfing the Internet offers a new way for people to relax themselves. to do:To protect the environment is everybodys business. 含义： 句子所说的“什么人”“什么事”或动作的“ 执 行者”，是句子的核心主体 谓语动词之前 常做主语的有： 名词、代词、主语从句、V.ing、to do 谓语 (predicate V) 含义：说明主语? “做什么”“是什么”或?“怎么样” 是指? 主语的“行为”或“判断”的成分。 由动词充当 常位于主语之后 表状态时用系动词：As I see it,movie stars ear ning a high salary is unfair and unjustified. 表动作时用及物或不及物动词：The Internet has revolutionized peoples way of life. 表拥有时：人或物作主语时用have或has,无生命的东西作主语时用there be. People have different views on this question. There is no absolute agreement on this question. 情态动词+动词原形：In this way,teachers can never replaced by computers. 宾语 （object O） 含义： 是动作的?“承受者”或“对象” 一般位于谓语后（动宾）或介词后（介宾） 宾语分为单宾语、双宾语和?复合宾语 常作宾语的有： 名词、宾语从句、复合结构、V-ing、to do 名词：Internet tourism promotes the economic development. 宾语从句：Some people hold that air travel should be restricted. 复合结构：The advanced medical technology has made it possible for people to live longer than ever possible before. V.-ing:Nobody can avoid being influenced by media. to do:Some people want to work for a big company while others choose to work for a small one. 表语 （predicative P） 含义： 补充说明主语的情况，又称为主语补足语 接在系动词后 常作表语的词有： 名词、形容词、V.-ing、to do、从句 名词：The environmental problem is a serious problem in modern society. 形容词：Time is fleeting and art is long. V.-ing：The arguement is convincing. to do：A possible solution is to set down effective laws. 从句：One advantage of computersutilized in education i