第七节虚拟语气.doc

第七节:虚 拟 语 气 虚拟语气的概念： 用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式 表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 二、虚拟语气的分类： （一）. 提前一个时态：过去完成← 过去 ← 现在（if形式） If条件句(只有在非真实条件句中才有虚拟语气) 假设情况的时间 假设句谓语 推断句谓语 现在 过去（Be都用were） Would/could/should/might+do (原形是：will/could/shall/may+do） 将来 过去 Were to do（按计划） Should+do（表建议） 过去 过去完成 Would/could/should/might+have+done 举例：If I were you,I would refuse the work.（现在） If I had enough money,I would buy a computer.（现在） If I should meet her again,what would I say. （将来） If I had taken your advice,I should have passed the exam. =had I taken your advice,I should have passed the exam.(过去) 注：若假设句中有should/had/were可以把它们提到主语前并省略if. 经典例题讲解： 例题一： What would have happened,__________as far as the river bank? A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.had Bob walked fartherD.if Bob walked farther 例题二： Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy_____ . A．would have been saved B．had been saved C．will be saved D．was saved 例题三： If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken 例题四： If he ______ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow 虚拟条件句中的特例： 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． 举例：If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 2. 与现在相反：过去时 wish 引导的宾语从句： 与过去相反：过去完成 与将来相反：would, might, could＋动词原形 3. 与现在相反：过去时 if only 引导的感叹句（要是．．．该有多好啊) ( ) 与过去相反：过去完成 经典例题讲解： 例题一： Look at the trouble I am in!If only I____________your advice. A.followed B.would follow C.had followed D.should follow 例题二： How I wish every family_______a large house with a beautiful garden!A.has B.had C.will have D.had had 例题三： George is going to ta