第十章 非谓语动词.ppt

1. 掌握动词不定式、分词、动名词在句子中充当的各种成分。 2. 了解现在分词和过去分词的区别，现在分词作表语和现在进行时的区别，过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别。 * 语法复习 非谓语动词 考纲要求 非谓语动词 动词不定式　 动名词 分词 To have been done To have done 完成式 To be doing 进行式 To be done To do 一般式 被动语态 主动语态 不定式 一、　动词不定式　（两个动词之间用“to”连接） （一）构成：　to　＋　动词原形 （二）用法：　 １．做主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy . = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language . ２．做宾语 They all wanted to see you yesterday. ３．做宾语补足语 He wants you to call him back. I found it important to learn. ４．做定语 I want to go to the shop to buy something . ５．做状语 They ran over to welcome us. 6. 做表语 My job is to teach him English. （三） 动词后面＋to　，常用的词有： 想／乐意　　　　want / would like to do 叫（告诉）某人 ask / tell (told ) sb (not ) to do 开始 begin( began ) / start to do 决定 decide to do 设法 try to do 记得（忘记） remember / forget (forgot ) to do 希望 hope to do 计划 plan to do Eg. I would like to help you . He asked us not to talk in class. I hope to see you again . Don’t forget to bring your book here. （四）特殊疑问词+ to do ( why 除外) eg. I don’t know where to go Can you tell me how to do it = what to do We don’t know which book to choose . (该去哪里) （五）用作介词的to。 to有两种用法：“不定式+动词原形”和“介词+名词/动名词”，to在下面的用法中是第二种，即“to+名词/动名词”：admit to(承认)， confess to(承认)， be accustomed to(习惯于)， be/get used to(习惯于)， stick to(坚持)，turn to(开始，着手)， devote oneself to(献身于)， look forward to(盼望)， pay attention to(注意)， object to(反对)等。 如：We look forward to seeing him soon. 我们盼望不久后可以见到他。 （六） 省略to的动词不定式： （1）情态动词（除ought外）。 （2）使役动词let, have, make等。 （3）感官动词see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。 注：在被动语态中to不能省略。 如：I saw him dance. 我看见他在跳舞。 He was seen to dance. 他跳舞被人看见了。 （4）would rather， had better。 （5）Why...？/Why not...？ （6）h