gmat曼哈顿语法笔记.doc

曼哈顿语法笔记 第三章 Subject and Verb Agreement 一、Subject and verb must both exist 1、如果一个句子没有主语或动词，就不是完整的句子，是一个fragment。 两种错误方法： （1）One way the GMAT disguises the error is by dropping the verb Wrong: The electron named in 1894. Right: The electron WAS NAMED in 1894. （2）it could start with a Connecting Word and contain no Main Clause Wrong: BECAUSE the dog was never mine. 二、Subject and Verb Must Make Sense Together Wrong: The development of a hydrogen car based on expected performance parameters will be able to travel hundreds of miles without refueling. 能够行驶数百公里的肯定不可能是development而是a car 三、Subject and Verb Must Agree in Number-主谓单复数一致 （1）eliminate these Middlemen words to reveal the subject. common types of middlemen and warmups. prepositional phrase of mice for milk by 1800 in Zambia with her at that level to the store on their orders from the office Subordinate Clauses 其他:有的时候comma也是一个信号 （2）Use Structure to Decide （3）And vs. Additive Phrases A、and可以通过将两个或更多单数形式的主语连起来成为一个复数形式的主语 B、additive phrases改变不了主语的单复数形式，作用类似于modifier along with Polly in addition to surgery as well as the mayor accompanied by me together with a tie including salt and pepper （4）Or, Either... Or, Neither... Nor A、这种情况下找离动词最近的那个名词，由这个名词决定谓语单复数 B、如果仅仅出现了either或者neither，就使用单数形式谓语动词 （5）collective nouns永远被看作单数 People: agency, army, audience, class, committee, crowd, orchestra, team Items: baggage, citrus, equipment, fleet, fruit, furniture （6）Indefinite Pronouns: Usually Singular 但有五个例外一点，可以是单数也可以是复数 THE SANAM PRONOUNS: Some, Any, None, All, More/Most Anyone, anybody, anything No one, nobody, nothing Each, every (aspronouns) Someone, somebody, something Everyone, everybody, everything Whatever, whoever Either, neither (may require a plural verb i f paired with or/nor) （7）each和every永远单数 （8）Subject Phrases and Clauses: Always Singular （9）Flip it Wrong: Near those buildings SIT a lonely house, inhabited by squatters. Flip it! A lonely house, inhabited by squatters, SITS near those buildings. Right: Nea