Grammar and usage1.ppt

[考例] Our club is open to adults only. ______ your children have entered without permission.(上海2005春) A. There seems that B. It seems to be C. There seems to be D. It seems that D 句意：我们的俱乐部只对成年人开放。 你的孩子们好像未经许可就进来了。 根据句子结构，空格后面是一个句子， 故需that引导，排除B和C项。that引 导的句子是真正的主语，而能充当形 式主语的只有it。 Grammar and usage (2) preparatory subject it Look at the following sentences and find the real subject of each sentence. 1. It is important for us to learn it well. 2. It is important that we should learn English well today. 3. It is no use wasting your time reading such books all day. 1. We can use it as an empty subject A. when we use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence. e.g. That we would not be able to understand Old English today is certain. = (preferable) It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today. Whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer. = (preferable) It is easy to answer whether English will keep on changing in the future. When we can set off depends on the weather. = (preferable) It depends on weather when we can set off. 1. It + be + adj. ( true, certain, possible, obvious, likely…) that… 2. It + be +noun phrase (no wonder, an honour, a pity,…) that… 3. It+ be + past participle (said, reported, expected, announced…) that… 4. It + seems/appears that…. 5. It doesn’t matter that… it 作形式主语的句型: e.g. To learn a foreign language is a challenging task. = (preferable) It is a challenging task to master a foreign language. To gain access to the Internet is important for us. = (preferable) It is important for us to gain access to the Internet. B. when the subject is a to-infinitive. C. when the subject is a v-ing form. e.g. It is fun wandering in the countryside. = (preferable) Wandering in the countryside is fun. It takes up a lot of my time travelling to Beijing. = (preferable) Tr