How_to_write_a_proposal__new.ppt

How to write a proposal Outline The purposes of research proposal The structure of a research proposal Sequence of writing Important issue for each component of a research proposal QA The purpose of a research proposal To convince the reviewers that your idea and research plan are sound and worthwhile To have a plan for your research To prepare one of the most important parts of your thesis The structure of a research proposal Title Abstract Introduction Literature review Methods(Approaches and Study design) Results Discussion Title It should be concise and descriptive. For example, the phrase, “An investigation of . . .” could be omitted. Often titles are stated in terms of a functional relationship, because such titles clearly indicate the independent and dependent variables. However, if possible, think of an informative but catchy title. An effective title not only pricks the reader’s interest, but also predisposes him/her favourably towards the proposal. 1.Teachers‘ Conceptions of Excellent Teaching in Chinese Middle Schools 2. The relationship between passive and active vocabularies: effects of language learning context 3. Vocabulary density and reading comprehension, Abstract: It is a brief summary of approximately 300 words. It should include the research question, the rationale for the study, the hypothesis (if any), the method and the main findings. Descriptions of the method may include the design, procedures, the sample and any instruments that will be used. This paper reports a longitudinal study on the changes in speaking vocabulary by English majors through four years’ learning, which was then compared with the native speakers’ performance./ The English learners involved in the study were56 students who were enrolled in a university in 2001./They were asked to complete an oral task by producing a three-minute monologue after three minutes’ preparation in a language lab./ The native speakers were 15 American college students who accomplished t