基于线性规划算法的磷生铁最优化成分设计剖析.doc

基于线性规划算法的磷生铁最优化成分设计 梁玉冬1,2，王力军2，牛婷婷1 （1.中国铝业郑州有色金属研究院有限公司郑州 450041 2.北京有色金属研究总院 矿物资源与冶金材料研究所北京 100088） 摘要阳极组装用磷生铁在使用过程中需要的特性与其本体材料的物理性能息息相关。运用材料热力学的方法计算出五大元素(C，Si，P，Mn，S)的含量变化对磷生铁电导率和热膨胀系数的影响，并通过线性回归建立电导率和热膨胀系数与五大元素含量和温度的函数关系，最后利用线性规划最优化算法对某铝厂现行磷生铁成分进行有目的性的优化。通过优化后，磷生铁电导率最大优化率为%，热膨胀系数最大优化率为5.99%。 关键词磷生铁；线性回归；线性规划；五大元素；铝电解；电导率；热膨胀系数 TF821 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2017）07-0000-00 Optimization Composition Design of Phosphorus Cast Iron Based on Linear Programming LIANG Yu-dong1,2, WANG Li-jun2 , NIU Ting-ting1 （1. Zhengzhou Non-ferrous Metals Research institute Co., Ltd.CHALCO, Zhengzhou 450041, China; 2. Division of Mineral Resources, Metallurgy and Materials, General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China） Abstracthosphorus cast iron required for anode assembly of aluminum electrolytic cell is closely related to physical properties of its body material. Effects of content changes of five elements (C, Si, P, Mn, S) on conductivity and coefficient of thermal expansion of phosphorus cast iron were calculated with method of material thermodynamics. Linear regression function between electrical conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and content of five elements, temperature was established. Component of phosphorus cast iron in one aluminum manufacture was optimized with optimization algorithm of linear programming. The maximum optimization rate of conductivity of phosphorus cast iron is 14.50%, and the optimization rate of thermal expansion coefficient is 5.99% after optimization. Key words：phosphorus cast iron; linear regression; linear programming; five elements; aluminum electrolysis; conductivity; thermal expansion coefficient 铝电解是耗能大户2016年我国原铝产量已经突破了3 000万，按目前我国铝电解吨铝综合电耗13 50014 000 kWh计算，年电耗接近4kWh。铝电解槽的节能降耗研究已经成为该领域的热点问题。在电流效率不变的情况下，槽电压每降低10 m，吨铝直流电耗可以降低37 kWh左右。因此，降低槽电压铝电解节能降耗的重要方向[12]。 铝电解槽阳极压降350~400 mV，占槽电压的8%12%[3]。而阳极铁碳压降占整个阳极压降的30%50%，降低铁碳压降对铝电解槽节能意义重大。国内对于磷生铁压降的研究主要集中在降低材料电导率、提高浇铸质量、适配热膨胀系数、改变碳碗结构等单一方面[47]。而在实际生产中，磷生铁的电导率与热膨胀系数不