乐颖影课件5-9n.ppt

Inflammation and Related Metabolic Disorders Yingying Le, M.D., Ph.D. Institute for Nutritional Sciences, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contents An overview of inflammation Inflammatory stimuli recognition Chemokines/receptors and signaling Inflammatory cytokines/receptors and signaling Inflammation and type 2 diabetes Inflammation Definition A normally beneficial host response to foreign challenge or tissue injury that leads ultimately to the restoration of tissue structure and function. Normally inflammation is self-limiting while prolonged inflammation can lead to disease. Classification Acute, chronic ? Infection pathogen (bacterial, viral, parasitic) and microbial toxins ? Trauma (blunt and penetrating) ? Physical and chemical agents (thermal injury; irradiation; chemicals) ? Tissue necrosis (from any cause) ? Foreign bodies (splinters, dirt, sutures) ? Immune reactions (also called hypersensitivity reactions) Brief arteriolar vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation Vascular leakage Vascular Permeability – Leakage of Carbon Particles Contents An overview of inflammation Inflammatory stimuli recognition Recognition of Pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PAMPs Recognition of Damage/danger-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs Chemokines/receptors and signaling Inflammatory cytokines/receptors and signaling Inflammation and Type 2 diabetes Infection-induced inflammation is well characterised ‘Sterile Inflammation’ is unclear Recognition of Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) Direct recognition through Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs): Scavenger Receptors C-type lectin receptors (CLRs; transmembrane receptors ) Toll-like receptors (TLRs; transmembrane receptors) RIG I-like receptors (RLRs; cytoplasmic RNA helicases) NOD-like receptors (NLRs; cytoplasmic sensors) Pentraxin receptors in innate immunity Direct recognition through Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs): Scavenger Receptors C-type lectin receptors (CLRs; tran