人物故事类.doc

导学一：人物与故事类阅读 【知识点1】 人物与故事类阅读命题特点 这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读这类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，即使是碰到深层理解题也可迎刃而解。 这类阅读材料一般较长，即词数多，而且命题也较多，特别是推理判断题和事实细节题多。同学们在做此类阅读理解题时往往是材料看得懂，题目不好做的感觉。因此，同学们在阅读材料时要重点放在事情发展的过程和结果上，注意把握事件的发展进程及人物之间的关系，细节与主题的关系，用以说明人物性格特点的事实、作者的态度等，这些内容往往是推理判断题的命题点。掌握了这些内容，同学们在做推理判断题时就不会以个人思维想象代替根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，也只有这样才不会以偏概全。至于事实细节题的解答，同学们切忌想当然或者凭印象，一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。 【我爱展示】 真题体验 (1) One day when some government officials were rebuilding a barn（谷仓），they found a mouse hole in a corner and used smoke to force the mice inside the hole to come out．A while later they indeed saw mice running out, one after another．Then, everyone thought that all the mice had escaped．But just as they began to clean up, they saw two mice squeezing（挤）out at the mouth of the hole．With some efforts, the mice finally got out．However, it was strange that after they came out of the hole, they did not run away immediately．Instead, one chased after the other near the mouth of the hole．It seemed that one was trying to bite（咬）the tail of the other． Everyone was puzzled, so they stepped nearer to take a look．They realized that one of the mice was blind and could not see anything, and the other was trying to allow the blind mouse to bite on his tail so that he could pull the blind one with him to escape． After seeing what happened, everyone was speechless and lost in thought．During the meal time, the group of people sat down in a circle and started to chat about what happened to the two mice． One serious American official said：“I think the relationship between those two mice was that of king and guard．”The others thought for a while and said：“ That was why!” A smart French said：“I think the relationship between those two mice was that of husband and wife．”Again the others thought for a while, and all felt it made sense． A J