以车代磨在轴承外圆加工中的应用.doc

以车代磨工艺在差速器壳轴承外圆加工中的应用 By turning instead of grinding process in the application of differential shell cylindrical bearing processing 摘 要 在传统的加工方法中车削只是用来进行淬火前的粗加工，而在零件的精加工上，一般会选择磨床bstract In the traditional processing method, turning just used for quenching before the rough machining, and in parts of the finishing, the general will choose grinding machine. Differential is walking car mechanical drive system is the important component parts, its function is to make left, right driving wheel in different speed rotation, to get good steering performance. A factory using grinding processing technology cannot solve between wheel differential shell bearing cylindrical coaxial degree and passive wheel face runout degree, and parts processing efficiency is low, the processing route length, labor intensity, and at the same time, relative increased machine maintenance cost and production site safety hidden trouble. In order to solve the above problem, a plant \to the car and grinding\ differential parts processing process of the test. From now on, this process in the numerical control lathe in processing, the use of three jaw chuck positioning, regardless of equipment or tooling are better than the original process the stability, can largely improve the quality of products, and save a lot of manpower and material resources assets. Key words: differential, cylindrical bearings, Turning for grinding, grinding, alignment 1.车削、磨削工艺的现状与发展 1.1磨削工艺的现状 图1 外圆磨床 图2 普通磨床 在传统的加工方法中，车削只是用来进行淬火前的粗加工，而在零件的精加工上，一般会选择磨床，以便达到更高要求的表面光洁度。即使在20世纪80、90年代，淬火后的精加工还只能采用磨削工艺，而车削也只能加工硬度不大于 HRC55的工件，这间接上造成了磨床对零件精加工的“垄断”地位，结果导致：磨床不仅价格高，生产成本高，而且效率也比较慢。因此，多年来，人们不断研究改进，希望能找出更好的加工方法。以车代磨是指用车削的工艺方法作为淬硬钢的最终加工或精加工。通常，车削只是淬火前进行的粗加工。直到20世纪90年代前，淬火后的精加工还只能采用磨削工艺，而车削也只能加工硬度不大于 HRC55的工件。随着高硬度切削材料和相关机床的发展，如采用PCBN刀具、陶瓷刀具或新型硬质合金刀具在新型车床或车削加工中心上对淬硬钢进行车削，其加工质量可以达到精磨的水平。大多数硬车的应用是替代磨削，目前，车削的硬度极限可达到HRC68，在发达国家硬车技术已被普遍应