仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage2-114 CLEARANCE.ppt

IFR FLIGHT ENVIRONMENT Air Traffic Control (ATC) Clearances Pilot Responsibilities 91.123: do not deviate from a clearance except: in an emergency when an amended clearance is received to comply with it will cause you to break the rules Notify ATC as soon as possible. IFR Climb Considerations You are expected to climb: optimum rate to within 1,000’ assigned altitude Then between 500-1,500 fpm to assigned altitude “At pilot’s discretion”: you may choose when to start climb and intermediate level offs Gentle turns climbing in VMC Rely on YOUR “see and avoid” IFR Flight Plan Clearance Controlled airspace IMC Class A regardless of wx When you cancel your IFR flight plan in VMC: stay in VMC if IMC keeps threatening, stay VMC until you file another IFR flight plan and get a new clearance! Requires an IFR Flight Plan a clearance BASIC ELEMENTS OF CLEARANCE CLEARANCE LIMIT ROUTE (including DP if any) ALTITUDE FREQUENCY TRANSPONDER CODE Clearance Elements AIM 4-4-3 Clearance Limit Normally to airport of intended landing Sometimes cleared to a fix short of airport Then holding instructions an EFC (expect further clearance) will be given Short range clearance Fix within or just outside departure terminal area Typically puts you where radar can see you Departure Procedure Published textual or graphic departure instructions Obstacle Departure Procedures- ODPs Published for obstruction clearance Higher than standard takeoff minimums, climb gradients – for obstacle clearance. Standard Instrument Departures – SIDs Created for ATC traffic management purposes Terminate at a NAVAID/FIX in enroute environment ATC assumes you have charts (we’ll cover DP’s in more detail in a future lesson) Route of Flight Half the time as filed BE FLEXIBLE- EXPECT CHANGE! Sometimes revised by ATC due to: flow patterns preferred routes traffic conditions weather Altitude Data “Maintain” If different from filed… you should receive an expect further instruction “Cruise Clearance” Blo