仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage5-210 APPROACH PROCEDURES.ppt

APPROACH Approach Procedures Precision Approaches Non-Precision Approaches Approach Segments Four approach segments Initial Intermediate Final Missed Approach Five segments if you count the up front feeder route. Segments of an Approach Initial Approach Segment Aligns your aircraft with the approach course DME Arc Procedure Turn or Holding Pattern Guided course Initial Approach Fix Always labeled “IAF” on chart Intermediate Approach Segment Positions your aircraft for final descent to the airport Intermediate fix (IF) Begins at point where you are proceeding inbound to the final approach fix, properly aligned. Not all approaches have an intermediate fix Final Approach Segment Navigates you from FAF/FAP to a point (MDA or DH/DA) where you may descend to runway, if required visual references are in sight. Precision Glideslope provides vertical guidance between point of GS intercept to minimums (DH/DA). Nonprecision Final approach fix (FAF) Final approach point (FAP) PT intersects final approach course inbound. Final segment of ILS approach(precision) The Glide Slope Note final segment of this NDB Approach (non-precision with FAF) Final Segment of a VOR Approach (non-precision with FAP) Missed Approach Segment Navigate from MAP to missed approach holding point. Depicted on every approach For radar approaches, given verbally. ATC may give you instructions other than the published missed procedure (be prepared to copy!). Missed Approach Point For PA: at decision height/ altitude (DH/DA). For NPA: either at a fix or timing. Example of a missed approach Preparing For The Approach In planning, be familiar with the available IAPs… at Primary AND Alternate Airports. Nearing destination, a controller or ATIS tells you the expected IAP. It’s not yours until you’re “cleared for the approach.” Now thoroughly review the IAP. Set up radios and navaids early on. Approach Clearance If you’re cleared for a specific approach, and you prefer another, ask the controller for y