作物模型及其应用(何建强,2011-4-1).ppt

* 实例 3: Precision farming Yield Soil type Images Pests Elevation Drainage Fertility Causes of Yield Variability Develop Prescriptions Risk Assessment Economics Crop Models Precision Farming W. D. Batchelor et al. Genetics Weather 实例 4: Developing Best Management PracticesJ. He, M. Dukes, W. Graham, G. Hochmuth, J. Jones Field Experiments Cropping System Model Global Sensitivity Analysis Parameter Estimation (crop and soil) Optimal BMP Selection (324 optional N and irrigation management) Uncertainty Analysis J. He (2008) 实例 5: Farm scale analysis of dairy farm management in North Florida Multiple objectives (Economic and water quality) Climate variability risk assessment Cabrera et al. 2005. Agr Ecosystems Environment. 实例 6: Depression Overland Wetland Stream Basin Outlet GW Integrating Crop and Watershed Hydrology – Water Quality Models Jacobson, Porter et al. 实例 7: Deconvoluting G x E x M interactions Yield GPC NUE WUE Leaf size Root depth Rate of water uptake Photosynthesis Complex traits G x E x M Simple traits Large G x E x M interactions make it difficult to relate simple traits (plant characteristics) to complex traits such as grain yield Crop simulation models can help us deconvolute these interactions and identify simples traits related to grain yield or protein concentration Modeling soybean maturity and yield using molecular markers CROP MODEL Illinois, 7 Locations 5 years 1995-99 DNA Analysis Predictions Planting dates Row spacing Irrigation Linford Nile Omaha Savoy Vinton 81 Williams 82 Yale 330 bp Satt 496 351 bp Observed Simulated Maturity 实例 8: Genetics and breeding 3. 作物模型在世界和中国的发展 3.1 作物模型在世界的发展 Where/When Crop Modeling Started: The Dutch US Cotton Researchers Started in 1965 C.T. de Wit (The Netherlands) Herb Stapleton, Jerry Lambert, Don Baker, Bob Peart, Bruce Curry (USA) Evolved into Dutch models (SUCROS) and US Cotton Models Then CERES, EPIC, SOYGRO, PNUTGRO… 作物模型的初始发展 主要作物模型的演进Evolution of Several Major Families of Crop