全球化的利与弊___Economic_globalization(英汉).doc

全球化的利与弊Economic globalization 　　全世界都在谈论全球化，有的人认为它是本世纪的发明，有的人看到它的负面影响。　　经济上的利与弊：　　　随着电子货币的到来，投资变得很方便，只要点击一下，大量货币就会从一个国家流通到另一个国家。这就开辟了个人投资的新渠道。　　提高了劳工的流动性，因此开辟了前所未有的就业和培训前景。　　激烈的竞争促使价格下降和服务的改进，例如送货上门和售后服务。　　全球化导致产生统一市场，从而使那些不在这个市场中的国家受到更多的剥削。　　仅仅３００家公司就占全球产值的三分之一，占国际贸易的一半。而食品生产则由１２家公司控制。　　贫困的劳工群体越来越被排斥在外。不稳定性在增加，１９９７年在欧洲抛售黄金储备的传闻就使南非５万矿工失业。这就是多米诺骨牌效应。All over the world about globalization, some people think that it is the invention, some people see its negative effects. Economic advantages and disadvantages: With the arrival of electronic money, its very convenient for investment to click a lot of money from one country to flow into another country. It opened up new avenues of personal investment, which improved the labor mobility, and thus opened new opportunities for employment and career training. Competitive price and service lead to the improvement in service and price, such as door-to-door service and after-sales service. Globalization leads the world to form a single market, so that those countries out of this single market are often under exploitation. Only 300 companies take up one-third of global output, which is half of the total amount of international trade. For example, the food production is controlled by 12 major manufacturers. The disadvantages also include the instability in the employ rate. Poor group and laborers are often excluded. Poverty and labor group is excluded. Instability in 1997 in Europe, selling gold reserves rumours that South Africa is 5 million miners unemployment. This is the domino effect. 　　统一供应的危险性在增长，忽视了市场上产品的多样性。Supply risk in growth, has neglected the diversity of products on the market. 　　社会上的利与弊：　　在政治上，欧盟和联合国等组织的权力在扩大，这可以在全球决策的舞台上抵消多国公司的作用。媒体的跨国力量有助于控制不公正现象，有助于各国的言论自由。　　南北差距在扩大。贫困世界在全球收入中只占１·４％，１０年前占２·３％。　　最严重的社会后果是犯罪全球化，对贫困国家劳动力的剥削有增无减。非法移民在增加。　　文化上的利与弊：　　文化的传播更快了，政治和知识产权的障碍减少了，谁也不能阻止一种文化产品在其国内的传播。“逆殖民化”在加强：例如美国迈阿密和洛杉矶的拉丁化。　　亚洲和非洲繁荣城市人口的增长成为文化传播的新的推动力。　　最近一份联合国人文发展报告显示，全球文化只朝着一个方向传播：从富国向穷国，而不是从穷国向富国。　　在文化