动物实验教程(英文版).doc

PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENT INSTITUTE OF PHARMACOLOGY Experiment 1 The basic knowledge and technique of pharmacological experiment 1. the purpose or aim for us to have this class learn basic or fundamental laboratory technique and skill. And verify the theory we have learned in pharmacology. 2. the laboratory animals that we often used in our experiment there are many laboratory animals. In different experiment, we need to choose the appropriate animals. Next we will talk about the animals and their character 1）frog or toad: they are often used in physiological studies, we rarely use it in our pharmacological studies. 2）mouse or mice: mouse is the most frequently used animal in our experiment. The main reason they are frequently used is they are very cheap, about 2-3 yuan per mouse. The second reason is they have high reproduction rate and easy to raise. Mice are often used in the screening test of drug or When we study the effect of antineoplastic drugs, analgesics , antitussive drugs etc, or determine ED50（median effective dose） or LD50（median lethal dose） of a drug. 3）rat: it is very like mouse in shape but is much bigger than mouse. It is very fierce, they have very sharp teeth and bad temper. If you are not careful, you will be bite by them. So if you want to grab them, you need to put on thick gloves. Rats are not used often in our experiment but are widely used in research study. For example, rats are often used in chronic toxicity test or long-term toxicity test in the preclinical study of a drug. 4）guinea pig: they are very beautiful and lovely animals. They are very timid or docile （tender）and never attack people. In the street, you can see some people sell guinea pig. Someone raise it in their home as a pet. It has a shortcoming: it can not synthesize Vitamin C by itself. So it needs to get Vit C from food. You need to feed it with some cabbage, carrot etc . Guinea pig is very sensitive to a kind of substance Histamine (HA). As a result of that, it