勇敢的面对阳光,阴影自然都在身后。.ppt

提 纲 1。导言 2。古今中外4种政治学和4种政治思想 3。当代西方政治思想研究简介 4。当代中国对西方政治思想的研究简介 5。马克思主义政治思想 6。本课程的要求 一、导言 1。什么是西方政治思想史 从最一般的意义上来讲，政治思想史就是研究政治思想历史的科学。但也有各种不同的定义。 “political ideas”和“political thoughts” 2。为什么学习西方政治思想史 （1）“有用”与“没用” （2）“知识分子”与“有知识的分子” （3）“知识经济”和“知识政治” 3。如何学习西方政治思想史 （1）分数与方法 （2）本课程的要求 二、四种政治学和四种政治思想 西方政治学 宗教政治学 马克思主义政治学 中国政治学 三、西方的政治思想研究 近代：哥伦比亚大学政治学系1880年 当代：芝加哥大学里奥·斯特劳斯、F.哈耶克 史：约翰·麦克里兰，里奥·斯特劳斯 四、中国政治思想研究 52年取消，78年恢复 徐大同、王沪宁、刘军宁 北大，人大，天津师大 讨论：西方政治思想与我们1。表象 2。作用或影响 3。应取的态度 Empirical v. Normative Studies Empirical: What is observed? Normative: What “ought” to be? Political Science involves BOTH the empirical (recognizing we can measure and find what is true) and normative (recognizing that we can make recommendations as to what ought to be). A brief history of the research in political science. The Greeks Middle ages Renaissance Enlightenment Legalism Behavioralism Post-Behavioralism Eclectisism (Including behavioralism and perestroika) The scientific study of politics Politics as Philosophy: Brief History of the Discipline Foundation of Politics as a study is in political philosophy. Rooted in normative emphasis. Based on idea that man behaves INTENTIONALLY. We have free will and choose to take certain actions. Study of politics was structured around opposing views of human behavior: man is ultimately good; man is ultimately self-serving. Normative Foundations of Discipline Focus on human behavior in interacting with others First emphasis on what “ought” to be Political Philosophy focused on ideas like Rights Equality Justice Freedom The Ancient Greeks Philosophy: Philos = loving, Sophia = wisdom. 2,500 years ago, Greek civilization emerged city states (‘the polis’) the center of political life the polis was center of the universe ‘idiot’ - word to describe someone with no interest in politics Plato (427-347 BC) Founder of a lyceum (school) for politics and law (first of its kind) philosopher whose pedagogy was based o