北京交通大学英汉翻译基础第二单元遣词法U2_Diction.ppt

Diction 遣词用字 一、教学重点： 1.语境在翻译中的重要性 2.英汉词字层次对等关系 3.词义的选择和引申 二、教学内容： 1.英汉词字层次对等关系 2.英语词义辨析法 3.词义的选择 4.词义的引申 Idioms Related to the Animals Idioms Related to the Animals Idioms Related to the Animals Idioms Related to the Animals Question: After discussing the above phrases and idioms in both languages, what differences have you found between the two cultures mentioned? What proper words should be used in the target language? Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 2、Judging from the References 1) third person pronouns; indefinite pronouns: some, any, each, both; definite pronouns: much, many, few, little He (father) sent John to the university and was eager to have him distinguish himself . 他送约翰上大学，巴望能让儿子出类拔莽。 Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 2、Judging from the References 2) demonstrative pronouns: this, that, these, those; demonstrative adverbs: here, there, now, then, etc. Health is above wealth, for this cannot give so much happiness as that. 健康比财富更重要，因为财富不能像健康那样给人那么多幸福。 Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 2、Judging from the References 3) references of comparison I hate blue shirts; white shirts suit me but gray is the most preferable. 我讨厌穿蓝衬衫，喜欢穿白衬衫，而最喜欢穿灰衬衫. Ⅱ. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an English Word 3、Judging from the Context and Collocation His plane developed engine trouble only seven miles after takeoff. (发生故障) Modem aircraft are so heavy that the wings must develop a very large lift force in order to sustain the aircraft. (产生升力 ) Inspired by these ideas, in 1752 Franklin developed a practical lightning rod. ( 研制避雷针) A hypothesis is a specific statement developed by a scientist from observations. (得出论断) Most of the money came from selling the secret of a new type of potato he had developed. (培育新品种) Several attempts have been made through the