原子力显微镜原理.docx

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原子力显微镜原理

AtomicForceMicroscopyPart2:StandardmodesandapplicationsAsylumResearch?Commonmodesofoperation?Afewapplications?AfewNEWapplications!–andsomecoolimages?Forcemeasurements?Contactmode?AC(tapping)modeandsourcesoferrorinmeasurementsLightSourcePositionSensitiveDetectFocusingOpticsShakePiezozxCantileverSampleorF=-kxDeflection(nm)0-5y-1.6-1.2-0.8-0.4ZPosition(?m)Varythetip-sampleseparation,usuallywithoutfeedbackDeflVolts[V]orDeflection[nm]DeflectionForce=(DeflVolts)*(DeflInvOLS)*(k)[nN][V][nm/V]orForce[N][nN/nm]Tipsampledistance[nm]SpringconstantcalibrationEquipartitiontheorem12PowerSpectrum(nm/?Hz)-1215x1010kA2?12kBTquantifiesthermal(Brownian)motion?Advantages-“standard”-non-destructive-easytouse502468101214kHz?Disadvantages:Frequency(kHz)-mustfirstcalibratesensitivity-valuesgoodtoonly±10%k=21.4±0.4pN/nmK=JhHMnvhNmi--UnzippedDomainsinTitinFil10Worm-likeChainModelDNAShowjngB-5anddsssMllngTransltlon11714.61m1j.LF442.-.:5010015020.51.01.5Extension(nm)dEhununvNExtenslon(1μm)SVLUMFt.ESEACHAtomicForceMicroscopes@AsylumResearch2014?ArraysofForcecurvescanbeusedtocalculatethelocalstiffnessofasample64nm20-2-3.8-4.0-4.2μm-4.4-4.6-4.82015nm1050-5500nm-50Velocity:0.5Hz5Hz10Hz302520nm1510501.41.21.00.80.60.40.20.0μmIncreasingvelocityaddshysteresisbetweenapproachretractportionsofcurveBsurfacechargepullscantilevertosurfaceModesofOperation–contactmodeVtQuadPDQuadPDMirrorMirrorLaserLaserCantileverCantileverSuSrufarcfaeScuerfaScueSrufSarucfarecfaeceDeflectionfeedbackDeflVolts[V]PointoffirstcontactSetpointTipsampledistance[nm]Changesinheightwhilescanningaredisplayedonthecomputerastopography?AsylumResearch2014Page15ModesofOperation–AC(tapping)modetttttVttttttttVVtQuadPDQuadPDMirrorMirrorLaserLaserCantileverCantileverSSuSurfSurafSurcafruecafSrecafSuecaSruecfSureafSurcafSurecafurecafSrecafSuecaSruecfreuafrcafecaeceAmplitudefeedbackPointoffirstcontactFreeamplitudeAmplitudeSetpointTip-sampledistanceLightSourcePositionSensitiveDetecFocusingOpticsShakePiezozyxCantileverSample60tor5040μm302010001020304

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