句子成分,简单句的5种基本句型,句子种类.ppt

句子成分的定义： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分（主干）:主语，谓语，宾语，表语； 修饰成分:定语、状语、补足语和同位语。 （一）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。(但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。)主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式（to do…）、动名词(doing…)、名词化的形容词(the +adj) 和主语从句等表示。例如： 1 During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular2 We often speak English in class.3 One-third of the students in this class are girls.4 To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5 Smoking does harm to the health.6 The rich should help the poor.7 When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.8 It is necessary to master a foreign language. （二）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词或动词短语在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如： He practices running every morning. I plan to buy a baby carriage(婴儿车) for my little nephew Everyone looks forward to a holiday , right ? He gets up at seven every morning . 2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。(be doing, have\has\had done)如： You can keep the book for two weeks. He will give up the English training course . I have to go now . He has caught a bad cold. The old man was taking care of the 10-day-old baby . The baby was trying to suck milk from a feeding bottle (奶瓶) . Do you use WeChat ? I didn’t expect him to be such an idiot . The fatuous(昏庸的) leader prevented her from being promoted （晋升）. Her husband helped her with Russia . From your accent , you must come from the south of China . The Legend of ZhenHuan has been watched by me for five times . ⑵ 系动词也属于谓语 The old man was a secretary 10 years ago . Li Yifeng looks so handsome and attractive ; it is no wonder that he is called People’s campus hunk . (国民校草) （三）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, turn, grow, go (变得), look（看起来）, sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来）, taste（尝起来）, feel（摸起来）, keep , stay ,(保持)，seem, appear（似乎）等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、介词短语、副词，不定式、动名词、分词（通常可用作形容词的分词），及表语从句表示。例如 ⑴ Our teacher of English is an American. ⑵ Is it yours? ⑶ The weather has turned cold. ⑷ The speech s